Fig. 2

Direct and indirect effects of neighbourhood environmental attributes on accelerometer-assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time. Panels a and b report the results for 400 m and 1 km street-network residential buffers, respectively. Only significant associations (p < .05) are reported. Significant curvilinear associations between pairs of variables are labelled by their direction (+, positive; −, negative; +/−, positive and negative) and the figure number depicting them (e.g., Fig. S2a referring to Fig. S2 - panel A, representing the association between neighbourhood residential density and commercial and civic destination density within 400 m residential buffers). Values next to arrows pointing at ‘Household car ownership’, ‘Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity’ and ‘Sedentary time’ represent odds ratios, exponentiated regression coefficients and regression coefficients, respectively. Detailed results, point estimates and confidence intervals of all examined associations are reported in Tables S2-S5 and Figs. S2 and S3 included in the Additional file 1. * p < .05; ** p < .01; *** p < .001