Temporal features of sitting, standing and stepping changes in a cluster-randomised controlled trial of a workplace sitting-reduction intervention

Table 1 Intervention effects from baseline to three-months in sitting and activity outcomes over all timeframes (control n = 82; intervention n = 114) ^a

Sitting and activity outcomes	Intervention effects
Sitting and activity outcomes	Mean difference (95% CI)	p	ICC
All days, min/16 h waking day
Sitting	−78.2 (−98.1, −58.4)	<0.001	0.004
Prolonged sitting	−52.2 (−73.5, −31.0)	<0.001	<0.001
Standing	74.8 (57.0, 92.7)	<0.001	0.004
Stepping	2.4 (−7.2, 12.0)	0.628	0.124
Work days, min/16 h waking day
Sitting	−117.1 (−141.0, −93.2)	<0.001	0.003
Prolonged sitting	−76.7 (−101.0, −52.3)	<0.001	<0.001
Standing	114.1 (92.1, 136.1)	<0.001	<0.001
Stepping	2.6 (−6.5, 11.7)	0.576	0.113
Work hours (on workdays), min/8 h work time
Sitting	−109.5 (−130.8, −88.2)	<0.001	0.006
Prolonged sitting	− 75.9 (−94.7, −57.2)	<0.001	<0.001
Standing	108.0 (88.3, 127.7)	<0.001	<0.001
Stepping	1.3 (−2.8, 5.5)	0.529	0.083
Non-work hours (on workdays), min/8 h non-work time
Sitting	−6.8 (−17.0, 3.4)	0.189	<0.001
Prolonged sitting	−0.5 (−13.5, 12.5)	0.941	<0.001
Standing	4.0 (−3.4, 11.4)	0.290	<0.001
Stepping	2.4 (−4.2, 9.1)	0.475	0.033
Non-work days, min/16 h waking day
Sitting	0.7 (−29.3, 30.7)	0.964	0.018
Prolonged sitting	−0.1 (−30.3, 30.0)	0.995	<0.001
Standing	−1.5 (−28.8, 25.9)	0.915	0.050
Stepping	−0.5 (−13.4, 12.4)	0.941	0.029

Table presents mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI), p-value and intra-cluster correlation (ICC) from linear mixed models adjusting for cluster via random intercept, baseline value of the outcomes, age, gender, BMI, physical quality of life score (AQoL 8D), number of days worked (Monday–Friday), average work duration (Monday–Friday)
^a Includes participants with valid data for all covariates, and sitting and activity data for all timeframes (e.g., work days) at baseline and 3 months.

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