Changes in diet through adolescence and early adulthood: longitudinal trajectories and association with key life transitions

Winpenny, Eleanor M.; van Sluijs, Esther M. F.; White, Martin; Klepp, Knut-Inge; Wold, Bente; Lien, Nanna

doi:10.1186/s12966-018-0719-8

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 2 Associations of four life-course transitions with weekly intake of fruit, vegetables, confectionery and SSBs, NLHBS

From: Changes in diet through adolescence and early adulthood: longitudinal trajectories and association with key life transitions

	Both sexes (unadjusted growth models)				Both sexes (adjusted models)			Males (adjusted models)			Females (adjusted models)
	n	beta	95% CI	p-value	beta	95% CI	p-value	beta	95% CI	p-value	beta	95% CI	p-value
Fruit
Leaving home	792	−0.38	−0.63,-0.12	0.004	−0.54	− 0.87,-0.22	0.001	− 0.49	−0.96, − 0.02	0.04	−0.68	−1.13, − 0.22	0.004
Leaving education	719	0.15	−0.11,0.42	0.26	0.15	−0.31, 0.60	0.52	0.04	−0.62, 0.70	0.90	0.13	−0.51, 0.76	0.70
Entering employment	590	0.35	0.05,0.65	0.02	0.47	−0.11, 1.05	0.11	0.25	−0.51, 1.00	0.52	0.81	−0.09, 1.71	0.08
Beginning cohabitation	522	0.18	−0.16,0.52	0.29	0.54	0.07, 1.01	0.02	0.50	−0.27, 1.27	0.20	0.42	−0.17, 1.02	0.16
Vegetables
Leaving home	792	−0.46	− 0.68,-0.25	< 0.001	− 0.43	−0.70, − 0.15	0.002	−0.32	− 0.72, 0.08	0.12	− 0.55	−0.92, − 0.18	0.004
Leaving education	719	0.03	−0.20,0.26	0.79	0.28	−0.10, 0.66	0.15	0.40	−0.16, 0.97	0.16	0.06	−0.46, 0.57	0.83
Entering employment	590	−0.19	−0.45,0.06	0.14	−0.31	− 0.79, 0.18	0.22	− 0.53	−1.18, 0.12	0.11	− 0.03	−0.77, 0.70	0.93
Beginning cohabitation	522	−0.15	−0.43,0.14	0.32	0.28	−0.11, 0.67	0.16	0.24	−0.41, 0.89	0.46	0.28	−0.21, 0.78	0.27
Confectionery
Leaving home	792	−0.06	− 0.23, 0.11	0.50	0.00	−0.21, 0.21	1.00	−0.08	− 0.41, 0.24	0.61	0.05	−0.23, 0.33	0.73
Leaving education	719	0.04	−0.13, 0.22	0.63	0.33	0.04, 0.62	0.03	0.15	−0.31, 0.61	0.52	0.53	0.15, 0.92	0.01
Entering employment	590	−0.15	−0.35, 0.05	0.13	−0.25	− 0.63, 0.13	0.20	− 0.13	−0.66, 0.39	0.62	−0.40	− 0.96, 0.16	0.16
Beginning cohabitation	522	−0.19	−0.41, 0.03	0.10	−0.10	− 0.40, 0.20	0.51	0.01	−0.52, 0.55	0.97	−0.22	− 0.59, 0.14	0.24
SSBs
Leaving home	792	−0.22	−0.45, − 0.00	0.05	−0.27	− 0.55, 0.00	0.05	− 0.50	−0.94, − 0.06	0.03	0.00	− 0.34, 0.34	0.99
Leaving education	719	0.00	−0.23, 0.24	0.97	0.49	0.10, 0.87	0.01	0.09	−0.54, 0.71	0.78	0.80	0.32, 1.28	0.001
Entering employment	590	−0.11	−0.38, 0.16	0.43	−0.11	− 0.61, 0.39	0.66	− 0.25	−0.97, 0.47	0.49	−0.05	− 0.74, 0.64	0.89
Beginning cohabitation	522	−0.09	−0.38, 0.19	0.52	−0.02	− 0.41, 0.37	0.92	− 0.34	−1.06, 0.38	0.35	0.20	−0.25, 0.65	0.38

Footnote: Fixed effects models are used to look at within-individual change, adjusting for differences between individuals. Unadjusted growth models include age and age-squared as time variables. Adjusted models additionally control for the three remaining life transitions, and for parenthood. Abbreviations: n number of participants, SSBs sugar-sweetened beverages

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