Table 1 Baseline characteristics of youth with diabetes (N = 845; type 1 diabetes: 693 and type 2 diabetes: 152)

Individual

Age at clinic visit

11.7 (4.7)

1.2,22.7

10.8 (4.6)

1.2,22.2

15.6 (2.9)

8.2,22.7

Gender (Female) %

54.3

-

51.7

-

66.4

-

Race/ethnicity %

 Non-Hispanic white

61.1

-

69.8

-

21.0

-

 African American or other

38.9

-

30.2

-

79.0

-

Highest parental education* %

 Less than High school

6.3

-

4.8

-

13.2

-

 High school graduate

24.3

-

21.2

-

38.2

-

 Some College thru Associate Degree

35.0

-

36.6

-

27.6

-

 Bachelors degree or more

32.3

-

35.3

-

18.4

-

Household income* %

 <$25,000

24.6

-

20.6

-

42.8

-

 $25,000–49,999

21.5

-

21.6

-

21.0

-

 $50,000–74,999

16.2

-

18.5

-

5.9

-

$75,000+

20.7

-

24.7

-

2.6

-

BMI z-score

0.8 (1.1)

-3.3,3.4

0.6 (1.0)

-3.3,3.4

2.15 (0.5)

-0.07,3.1

Waist circumference (cm)

76.3 (20.2)

43.0,159.3

69.7 (13.7)

43.0,121.5

107.6 (16.5)

61.2,159.3

Neighborhod

Median household income ($)

40,941 (13,597)

11,842, 91,459

42,249.8 (13,738.2)

11,842.0, 91,459.0

34,975.6(11,170.6)

15,232.0,72,955.0

Population density (per sq. mile)

886.1 (1,135.2)

11.9, 12,042.9

868.5 (1,126.5)

11.9, 12042.9

966.4(1,174.9)

18.1,6,363.3