Table 4 Quality assessment of included studies
Study (Author, year) | Study Design | Randomisation | Blinding assessors | Blinding participants | Baseline | Selection criteria | Approach to Selection | Loss to follow up | Assessment of BMI, BMI Z score | Intervention delivery | Point estimates and measures of variability primary outcome | ITTa analysis | Analytical methods | Confounding | Sample size | Total scoreb | Risk of Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amaro (2006) [34] | + 1 | 0 | − 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | 0 | High |
Benitez-Andrades (2020) [65] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | 0 | + 1 | − 1 | − 1 | + 1 | + 1 | − 1 | 0 | High |
Bogart (2016) [48] | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 7 | Low |
Bonsergent (2013) [35] | + 1 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | Medium |
Busch (2015) [49] | + 1 | −1 | −1 | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | −3 | High |
Dewar (2013) [36] | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 9 | Low |
Ermetici (2016) [37] | 0 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 4 | Medium |
Ezendam (2012) [50] | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 8 | Low |
Fairclough (2013) [38] | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 2 | Medium |
Foster (2008) [39] | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | − 1 | High |
Froberg (2018) [64] | 0 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | − 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | − 1 | − 1 | −1 | − 1 | −6 | High |
Graham (2008) [51] | 0 | −1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | − 1 | − 1 | −2 | High |
Grydeland (2014) [40] | + 1 | − 1 | − 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 4 | Medium |
HEALTHY study (2010) [52] | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 8 | Low |
Lazorick (2015) [41] | 0 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | Medium |
Lubans (2016) [42] | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 8 | Low |
Melnyk (2015) [53] | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 8 | Low |
Mihas (2009) [54] | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 3 | Medium |
Millar (2011) [43] | 0 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | − 1 | High |
Neumark-Sztainer (2010) [55] | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 2 | Medium |
Peralta (2009) [56] | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | −1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | −1 | + 5 | Low |
Prins (2012) [57] | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | + 5 | Low |
Pfeiffer 2019 [47] | + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 11 | Low |
Robbins (2012) [44] | + 1 | −1 | −1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 7 | Low |
0 | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 6 | Low | |
Rosenbaum (2007) [58] | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | + 1 | − 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | −1 | High |
Singh (2007) [59] | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 5 | Low |
Viggiano (2015) [45] | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 5 | Low |
Wadolowska (2019) [60] | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | + 6 | Low |
Webber (2008) [61] | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | − 1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | − 1 | + 1 | − 1 | + 1 | −3 | High |
Wilksh (2015) [62] | + 1 | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | 0 | 0 | + 3 | Medium |
Williamson (2012) [46] | + 1 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 0 | + 1 | 0 | −1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | + 3 | Medium |
Young (2006) [63] | + 1 | −1 | − 1 | 0 | − 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | + 1 | 0 | + 1 | −1 | + 1 | − 1 | 0 | + 1 | Medium |