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Table 2 Longitudinal effects, i.e. main effects and interaction effects with age, of the moveability index and its components (high: z-score ≥ 0 vs. low: z-score < 0) on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and light physical activity (LPA) for N = 3394 Observations of n = 2488 3- to 15-year old children and adolescents stratified by sex

From: Urban Moveability and physical activity in children: longitudinal results from the IDEFICS and I.Family cohort

 

MVPA (min. / day)

LPA (min. / day)

Boys

N = 1717

Girls

N = 1677

Boys

N = 1717

Girls

N = 1677

\( \hat{\beta} \)

95% CI

\( \hat{\beta} \)

95% CI

\( \hat{\beta} \)

95% CI

\( \hat{\beta} \)

95% CI

Moveability (high, ref.: low)

−1.30

(−3.62; 1.04)

2.14

(0.11; 4.16)

−2.54

(−8.49; 3.41)

2.21

(−4.05; 8.48)

Age

−2.16

(−2.74; −1.58)

−1.55

(− 2.10; − 1.01)

−20.3

(− 21.9; − 18.6)

−19.8

(−21.4; − 18.1)

Moveability (high, ref.: low) * age

0.20

(− 0.58; 0.97)

0.04

(− 0.71; 0.79)

2.68

(0.46; 4.90)

0.21

(−2.08; 2.49)

POS density (high, ref.: low)

−0.24

(−2.51; 2.02)

2.38

(0.43; 4.34)

10.6

(4.78; 16.3)

2.97

(−3.10; 9.03)

Age

−2.14

(− 2.72; −1.55)

−1.46

(− 2.00; − 0.92)

− 18.3

(− 20.0; − 16.7)

− 19.1

(− 20.7; − 17.4)

POS density (high, ref.: low) * age

0.15

(− 0.62; 0.92)

− 0.16

(− 0.90; 0.59)

−1.2

(− 3.43; 1.02)

− 1.24

(− 3.52; 1.04)

Residential density (high, ref.: low)

−1.52

(− 3.79; 0.75)

1.28

(− 0.70; 3.27)

−7.82

(− 13.6; − 2.04)

− 0.91

(− 7.02; 5.21)

Age

−2.13

(−2.72; − 1.55)

−1.70

(− 2.24; − 1.16)

−19.0

(− 20.7; − 17.4)

− 20.2

(− 21.8; − 18.5)

Residential density (high, ref.: low) * age

0.17

(−0.60; 0.95)

0.32

(−0.43; 1.06)

0.41

(−1.81; 2.63)

0.98

(−1.30; 3.25)

Land use mix (high, ref.: low)

0.15

(−2.16; 2.45)

−0.43

(− 2.47; 1.60)

2.67

(− 3.20; 8.54)

− 2.57

(− 8.87; 3.72)

Age

−1.98

(− 2.61; − 1.34)

−1.40

(− 1.99; − 0.80)

− 18.8

(− 20.6; − 17.0)

− 18.6

(− 20.4; − 16.8)

Land use mix (high, ref.: low) * age

−0.13

(− 0.92; 0.66)

− 0.26

(− 1.02; 0.50)

− 0.19

(− 2.45; 2.07)

−1.96

(− 4.28; 0.37)

Intersection density (high, ref.: low)

− 0.46

(− 2.76; 1.84)

1.64

(− 0.36; 3.63)

1.06

(− 4.79; 6.91)

− 0.69

(− 6.89; 5.51)

Age

−2.01

(− 2.57; − 1.46)

−1.65

(− 2.18; − 1.12)

−20.5

(− 22.1; − 18.9)

−20.4

(− 22.0; − 18.8)

Intersection density (high, ref.: low) * age

−0.09

(− 0.86; 0.68)

0.23

(− 0.52; 0.98)

3.36

(1.14; 5.57)

1.57

(−0.72; 3.85)

Public transport (high, ref.: low)

−0.65

(−3.00; 1.70)

1.39

(− 0.65; 3.43)

1.27

(− 4.73; 7.27)

− 0.94

(− 7.23; 5.35)

Age

−2.00

(− 2.55; − 1.44)

−1.53

(−2.06; − 1.00)

−19.5

(− 21.1; − 17.9)

−20.2

(− 21.8; − 18.6)

Public transport (high, ref.: low) * age

−0.13

(− 0.90; 0.64)

− 0.01

(− 0.75; 0.75)

1.38

(− 0.85; 3.61)

1.07

(−1.22; 3.35)

  1. Linear mixed models were adjusted for maximum ISCED level of both parents, parental safety concerns, sportsclub membership, valid wear time and season of accelerometer measurements, as well as study region; effect estimates not reported
  2. Bold significance is provided via confidence limits (significant if 0 is not included) which is similar to p-value