Study | Study design | Intervention characteristics | No. of participating organisations | Study participant characteristics | Targeted behaviour | Outcome measures and follow-up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | Country, period, setting, duration |  | Number, drop-out, mean age |  | BMI | PA | NB | SB |
Adamo et al. (2017)1 [51] | Cluster RCT | Canada, Spring 2013 – fall 2014, Childcare centres, 6 months | 12 int. childcare centres 6 con. Childcare centres | N = 215 34.4% 3.6 ± 0.5 | PA | BMI, fat free mass, body fat percentage; 3 and 6 months | Time in total PA, time in MVPA, time in LPAa; 3 and 6 months | NA | Time in SBa; 3 and 6 months |
Cespedes et al. (2013) [37] | Cluster RCT | Colombia, June – October 2009, preschools 5 months | 7 int. preschools 7 con. Preschools | N = 1216 8.2% NR (range: 3–5 years) | PA, N | BMIa; 6 and 18 months | NA | NA | NA |
Cruz et al. (2016)2 [52] | Cluster RCT | USA, 2008–2010 Head Start Centres, 2 years | 8 int. childcare centres 8 con. Childcare centres | N = 655 NR†4.1 ± 0.7 yrs. | PA, N | NA | How often in PA behavioursb: - ball playing - dancing - playing active games - jumping - walking; 1 and 2 yrs | NA | NA |
Davis et al. (2016)2 [56] | Cluster RCT | USA, 2008–2010 Head Start Centres, 2 years | 8 int. childcare centres 8 con. Childcare centres | N = 655 NR†4.1 ± 0.7 yrs | PA, N | BMIa; 1 and 2 yrs | NA | NA | NA |
De Bock et al. (2013) [38] | Cluster RCT | Germany, 2009–2010 Preschools, 6 months | 19 int. preschools 20 con. Preschools | N = 809 14.6–31.0% 5.05 ± 0.7 yrs | PA | BMIa; 6 and 12 months | Time in MVPAa; 6 and 12 months | NA | Time in SBa; 6 and 12 months |
Gao et al. (2016)3 [53] | Cluster RCT | China, 2001–2002, Kindergartens, 10 months | 5 int. kindergartens 3 con. Kindergartens | N = 2102 16.5% 5.0 ± 0.9 yrs. | N | NA | NA | Breakfast patterns (frequency, food products consumed)b; 4 and 10 months | NA |
Hu et al. (2010)3 [54] | Cluster RCT | China, 2001–2002, Kindergartens, 10 months | 5 int. kindergartens 3 con. Kindergartens | N = 2102 16.5% 5.0 ± 0.9 | N | BMIa; 4 and 10 months | NA | Dietary behavioursb; 4 and 10 months | NA |
Kaufman-Shriqui et al. (2016) [39] | Cluster RCT | Israel, 2008–2009 Preschools, 3 months | 7 int. preschools 4 con. Preschools | N = 238 7.6% 5.3 ± 0.54 yrs. | N | BMIa z-score; 3 and 6 months | Time in PA during leisure timeb; 3 and 6 months | Nutritional habitsb (variety of foods consumed, consumption of vegetables, sweets, SSB and water); 3 and 6 months | Daily screentimeb; 3 and 6 months |
Klein et al. (2015) [40] | Retrospectively | Germany, 2006, 2008 Preschools, Unavailable | 27 int. preschools 11 cont. Preschools | N = 1436 NR 4.7 ± 0.9 yrs | PA, N, SB | BMI (percentile)a; 6 months | Motor skill testsa (shuttle run, standing long jump, one leg stand, sit and reach, and lateral jumping); 6 months | NA | NA |
Lumeng et al. (2017) [41] | Cluster RCT | USA, 2011–2014 Head Start classrooms, 7 months | 4 int. classrooms 2 con. Classrooms | N = 697 8.5% 4.11 ± 0.52 yrs | N, SB | BMI z-scorea; 7 months | Time playing outdoorsb; 7 months | Intake of servings of specific foods/food groups per dayb; 7 months | Screentimeb; 7 months |
Natale, Lopez-Mitnik et al. (2014) [42] | (cluster) RCT | USA, NR Childcare centres, 6 months | 6 int. childcare centres 2 con. Childcare centres | N = 307 NR 3.87 (Range: 2–5 yrs) | PA, N | BMI z-scorea | Time in moderate PAb; 3, 6 and 12 months | Dietary intake at home and childcareb; 3, 6 and 12 months | Screentimeb; 3, 6 and 12 months |
Natale, Messiah et al. (2014)4 [55] | (cluster) RCT | USA, 2010–2011, Child care centres, 6 months | 12 int. childcare centres 20 cont. Childcare centres | N = 1211 NR 3.9 ± 0.93 yrs | N, PA, SB | NA | NA | Consumption F/V and junk foodb; 1 school year | SBb; 1 school year |
Natale et al. (2017)4 [57] | (cluster) RCT | USA, 2010–2011, Child care centres, 6 months | 12 int. centres 20 cont. Centres | N = 1211 NR 3.9 ± 0.93 yrs | N, PA, SB | BMI z-scoresa; 1 school year | NA | Consumption F/V and junk foodb; 1 school year | NA |
Nyberg et al. (2015) [43]$ | Cluster RCT | Sweden, 2010–2011, Preschools, 6 months | 7 int. classrooms 7 cont. Classrooms | N = 243 0.9% 6.2 ± 0.3 yrs | N, PA, SB | BMIa; 6 and 12 months | Time in PAa, PA habitsb; 6 and 12 months | Intake of indicator foods (F/V, energy-dense products)b; 6 and 12 months | SBb; 6 and 12 months |
Nyberg et al. (2016) [44]$ | Cluster RCT | Sweden, 2012–2013 Preschools, 6 months | 16 int. classrooms 15 cont. Classrooms | N = 378 2.6% 6.3 ± 0.3 yrs | N, PA | BMIa; 6 and 12 months | Time in PAa, PA habitsb; 6 and 12 months | Intake of indicator foods (F/V, energy-dense products)b; 6 and 12 months | SBb; 6 and 12 months |
Puder et al. (2011) [45] | Cluster RCT | Switzerland, 2008–2009, Preschools, 9 months | 20 int. classes 20 cont. Classes | N = 727 3,6% 5.2 ± 0.6 yrs | N, PA, SB | BMIa, % body fata, Skin fold thicknessa; 1 school year | Aerobic fitnessa, motor skillsa, level of PAa, b; 1 school year | Eating habitsb; 1 school year | Media useb; 1 school year |
Roth et al. (2015) [46] | Cluster RCT | Germany, 2007–2008, Preschools, 11 months | 31 int. preschools 10 cont. Preschools | N = 709 14% 4.7 ± 0.6 yrs | PA | BMINR, Skin fold thicknessNR; 6, 12, and 16 months | Change in MVPAa, Composite score of motor skillsa; 6, 12, and 16 months | NA | NA |
Story et al. (2012) [47] | Cluster RCT | USA, 2005–2006, Kindergarten, 11 months | Total of 14 schools, division NR | N = 454 NR 5.79 ± 0.51 yrs | PA, N | BMIa; 4 rounds (fall kindergarten, spring kindergarten, fall first grade, Spring first grade) | Total PA at schoolc; 4 rounds (fall kindergarten, spring kindergarten, fall first grade, Spring first grade) | % of calories from fat and nutrient content in school mealsa, food intake at homeb; 4 rounds (fall kindergarten, spring kindergarten, fall first grade, Spring first grade) | NA |
Wasenius et al. (2018)1 [58] | Cluster RCT | Canada, Spring 2013 – fall 2014, Childcare centres, 6 months | 12 int. childcare centres 6 con. Childcare centres | N = 215 34.4% 3.6 ± 0.5 yrs | PA | BMIa; 6 months | Fundamental Motor Skills (FMS)a, Total PAa; 6 months | NA | NA |
Williams et al. (2014) [48] | Cluster RCT | USA, 2010 Child care centres, 6–10 weeks | 12 int. childcare centres 12. cont. Childcare centres | N = 1143 21.1% 4.4 ± NR yrs | N | NA | NA | At-home consumption of F/V and milkb; 1 week post-intervention | NA |
Yin et al. (2012) [49] | Quasi experimental | USA, 2010–2011 Child care centres, 8 months | 3 int. centres 1 con. Centre | N = 384 12% 4.1 ± 0.56 yrs | N, PA | BMIa; NR | Gross motor developmenta, Outdoor step counta; NR | Dietary intakea; NR | NA |
Zhou et al. (2014) [50] | Quasi experimental | China, 2010–2011 Child care centres, 12 months | 1 int. centre 1 con. Centre | N = 387 4.3% 4.40 ± 0.78 yrs. | PA, N | BMIa, BMI z-score; 12 months | Physical fitnessa; 12 months | NA | NA |