Do physical activity and screen time mediate the association between European fathers’ and their children’s weight status? Cross-sectional data from the Feel4Diabetes-study

Table 3 Multiple mediation effects through PA (model 1) and ST (model 2) of the father and the child in the association between BMI of the father and BMI of the child

	Coefficient^# (SE)	CI upper	CI lower
Model 1 (PA)
Intermediate effects
a1-path	-0.059 (0.019)**	−0.096	− 0.022
a2-path	0.001 (0.013)	−0.025	0.026
a3-path	0.281 (0.023)***	0.236	0.326
b1-path	0.027 (0.017)	−0.006	0.059
b2-path	−0.50 (0.026)*	−0.094	− 0.006
Total and direct effect
c-path (total effect)	0.071 (0.009)***	0.053	0.086
c’-path (direct effect)	0.070 (0.009)***	0.053	0.087
Indirect (mediational) effects
a1xb1 path (indirect effect via M1)	0.000 (0.001)	−0.004	0.000
a2xb2 path (indirect effect via M2)	0.000 (0.001)	−0.002	0.002
M1&M2 path (indirect effect via M1 and M2)	0.001 (0.001)⁺	0.001	0.002
Model 2 (ST)
Intermediate effects
a1-path	2.238 (0.725)**	0.816	3.660
a2-path	0.463 (0.542)	−0.600	1.526
a3-path	0.345 (0.025)***	0.296	0.394
b1-path	0.000 (0.001)	−0.001	0.001
b2-path	0.001 (0.001)**	0.000	0.002
Total and direct effect
c-path (total effect)	0.069 (0.009)***	0.053	0.086
c’-path (direct effect)	0.068 (0.009)***	0.051	0.085
Indirect (mediational) effects
a1xb1 path (indirect effect via M1)	0.000 (0.001)	−0.002	0.002
a2xb2 path (indirect effect via M2)	0.000 (0.001)	−0.001	0.002
M1&M2 path (indirect effect via M1 and M2)	0.001 (0.001)⁺	0.000	0.002

Note. ^#unstandardized coefficients, SE; standard error, CI; confidence interval, *p-value is significant at the 0.05 level, **p-value is significant at the 0.01 level, ***p-value is significant at the 0.001 level, ⁺significant indirect effect

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