Fig. 1

Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause and cause-specific mortality by number of healthy lifestyle factors. Horizontal lines represent 95% CI. ‘n’ in parentheses indicates the number of deaths. Multivariable model was adjusted for sex, education, marital status, family histories of heart attack, stroke or cancer (adjusted for in all-cause mortality and corresponding cause of death), and hip circumference. The linear trends in the risks of all outcomes with the number of healthy lifestyle factors were statistically significant (all P for linear trend < 0.001)