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Table 2 Description of energy from home-prepared food by population sub-group, and associations between socio-demographic characteristics and proportion of energy from home-prepared food

From: Home-prepared food, dietary quality and socio-demographic factors: a cross-sectional analysis of the UK National Diet and nutrition survey 2008–16

Characteristic

n (%)

Proportion of energy from home-prepared food (%)

Mean (SD) (%)

Regressiona coefficient

95% CI

P > |t|

Total

6364 (100)

26.5 (12.1)

   

Age group

19–24 (ref.)

645 (10.1)

26.6 (13.0)

   

25–49

2761 (43.4)

27.0 (12.5)

−0.2

−2.2-1.8

0.84

50–64

1547 (24.3)

26.2 (11.8)

−0.1

−2.3-2.0

0.93

 65+

1411 (22.2)

25.8 (11.1)

0.3

−1.9-2.5

0.81

Sex

Male (ref.)

2640 (41.5)

25.8 (12.1)

   

Female

3724 (58.5)

27.1 (12.1)

1.5

0.6–2.4

< 0.01

Ethnicity

White (ref.)

5907 (92.9)

25.9 (11.6)

   

Mixed ethnicity

58 (0.9)

28.0 (13.5)

−0.9

−5.7-3.9

0.70

Black or Black British

133 (2.1)

37.8 (15.8)

14.5

10.9–18.2

< 0.01

Asian or Asian British

177 (2.8)

34.4 (14.9)

7.6

4.8–10.3

< 0.01

Other

82 (1.3)

34.6 (14.4)

10.8

6.4–15.1

< 0.01

Children living at home

None (ref.)

4392 (69.0)

26.0 (11.9)

   

Children aged < 16

1103 (17.3)

27.5 (12.2)

0.2

−1.1-1.8

0.71

Children aged < 5

869 (13.7)

28.3 (12.7)

1.7

0.2–2.5

0.03

Educational attainment

Degree level (ref.)

1461 (25.5)

27.8 (12.2)

   

12–13 years of education

1505 (26.2)

26.4 (11.8)

−1.7

−2.9- -0.4

< 0.01

11 years of education and/or vocational course

1315 (22.9)

25.9 (11.9)

−1.0

−2.4-0.4

0.18

  < 11 years of education

1457 (25.4)

25.6 (12.0)

−2.5

−4.1- -0.9

< 0.01

Equivalised income quintile

5 (Highest) (ref.)

1061 (19.5)

26.4 (11.9)

   

4

1093 (20.1)

26.6 (11.4)

0.8

−0.5-2.2

0.21

3

1099 (20.2)

26.7 (12.6)

1.8

−0.3-3.2

0.02

2

1067 (19.6)

26.0 (12.5)

0.9

−0.6-2.4

0.25

1 (Lowest)

1132 (20.8)

26.8 (12.2)

1.2

−0.4-2.8

0.15

Occupation

Professional and managerial (ref.)

2468 (40.7)

26.5 (11.6)

   

Intermediate occupation

1911 (31.5)

26.7 (11.9)

0.8

−0.2-1.9

0.13

Routine and manual occupation

1684 (27.8)

28.6 (12.6)

0.2

−1.1-1.4

0.79

  1. Boldface indicates statistical significance (p < 0.01)
  2. aMutually adjusted for other socio-demographic variables