Health effects of physical activity | ||
Population group | Cohort research Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of: | RCTs Physical activity has a beneficial effect on: |
Adults | ||
 Convincing | Depressive symptoms | Depressive symptoms |
Cardiovascular disease | Blood pressure Fat mass Abdominal circumference | |
Diabetes | Weight Insulin sensitivity Diabetes (1 study) | |
 Plausible | Breast cancer | |
Colorectal cancer | ||
Premature mortality | ||
Older adults | ||
 Convincing | Fractures, especially hip fractures | Fractures |
Muscle strength | ||
Fat-free mass | ||
Walking speed | ||
 Plausible | Dementia, cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease |  |
Disability | ||
Children | ||
 Convincing | Depressive symptoms | Depressive symptoms |
Cardiorespiratory fitness | ||
Muscle strength | ||
Insulin sensitivity | ||
Weight and fat mass in children with overweight or obesity | ||
Bone quality | ||
Health effects of sedentary behaviour | ||
Population group | Cohort research Sedentary behaviour is associated with an increased risk of: | |
Adults | ||
 Plausible | Death from cardiovascular disease | |
Premature mortality |