Table 4 Maternal weight gain (kg) during pregnancy in the exercise and control groups, PAMELA study

p

MD (95%CI)

Gestational body weight gain (kg)^a

7.8 ± 3.5

8.4 ± 3.5

0.10

0.6 (−0.1;1.2)

n = 205

n = 407

Final gestational weight gain(kg)^b

12.4 ± 5.7

12.9 ± 6.5

0.43

0.4 (−0.6; 0.8)

n = 176

n = 351

OR (95%CI)

IOM recommendations according pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)^c

0.79

 Below IOM recommendations

54 (30.7)

98 (27.9)

1.2 (0.7; 1.9)

 Within IOM recommendations

55 (31.3)

117 (33.3)

–

 Exceeded IOM recommendations

67 (38.0)

136 (38.8)

1.1 (0.7;1.6)

Per protocol analysis (> = 70% exercise sessions)

n = 84

n = 320

MD (95%CI)

Gestational body weight gain (kg)^a

7.6 ± 3.8

8.4 ± 3.5

0.10

0.7 (0.1;1.6)

n = 85

n = 407

0.84

Final gestational weight gain (kg)^b

12.7 ± 5.7

12.9 ± 6.5

0.2 (−1.3; 1.7)

n = 74

n = 351

OR (95% CI)

IOM recommendations according pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²) ^c

0.71

 Below IOM recommendations

22 (29.7)

98 (27.9)

1.3 (0.7; 2.4)

 Within IOM recommendations

21 (28.4)

117 (33.3)

–

 Exceeded IOM recommendations

31 (41.9)

136 (38.8)

1.3 (0.7; 2.3)

Sensitivity analysis (100% of exercise sessions) ^c

n = 23

n = 320

MD (95%CI)

Gestational body weight gain (kg) ^a

7.6 ± 3.3

8.4 ± 3.5

0.31

0.8 (0.7; 2.2)

n = 23

n = 407

Final gestational weight gain (kg)^b

11.7 ± 6.8

12.9 ± 6.5

0.42

1.1 (−1.6; 3.9)

n = 21

n = 351

OR (95%CI)

IOM recommendations according pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²) ^c

0.13

 Below IOM recommendations

10 (47.6)

98 (27.9)

3.0 (0.9; 9.8)

 Within IOM recommendations

4 (19.1)

117 (33.3)

–

 Exceeded IOM recommendations

7 (38.8)

136 (33.3)

1.5 (0.4; 5.3)