Table 2 Study characteristics of qualitative studies (NÂ =Â 22)
Author | Study design | Study population | Sample characteristics | Number of participants | Setting, country | Recruitment | Physical activity (PA), Sedentary Behaviours (SB) | Measurement | Quality score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benn et al., 2013 [18] | Case studies | Muslim girls and stakeholders | England: 8 state schools Denmark: One class, 16–17 years | England: 109 female students 19 teachers 32 parents Denmark: 42 female and male students | England and Denmark | Representative sample | PA, Physical education | England: Qualitative survey, focus groups, semi-structured interview Denmark: survey, video observation of sport/PE lessons, interview | 16/20 |
Beune et al., 2010 [47] | Qualitative inductive | Ghanaians, African-Surinamese, White Dutch | Â | 26 women 20 men (19 Ghanaian, 19 Surinamese, 16 White Dutch) | Amsterdam, The Netherlands | Purposive sampling through health-care centres | PA | Â | 19/20 |
Dagkas et al., 2006 [19] | Interpretive study | Greek Turkish girls and British Asian women, living in predominantly non-Muslim countries | Greek: 13–15 years British: 18–21 years | Greek: 24 girls at school British: 20 women at university | Greece and Great Britain | British group was participating in a larger life history project | PA, Physical education, sport | Semi-structured interview | 16/20 |
Dagkas et al., 2011 [20] | Case studies | Muslim girls | 5–16 year | 109 girls 19 teachers 32 parents. Additional focus groups - 36 girls | West Midlands, England | Representative sample of schools | PA, Physical education, school sport | Focus groups | 19/20 |
Hendriks et al., 2012 [23] | Theoretical framework | Surinamese Immigrants of Indian (Hindustani) Descent | 29–83 years, lived in The Netherlands for 25–39 years - feeling 100% Hindu | 24 women 3 men | The Netherlands | Through community houses and yoga class. Snowball technique | PA | Semi-structured interview, focus groups | 19/20 |
Horne et al., 2010 [58] | Ethnographic approach | Community dwelling White and South Asians | 60–70 years | Focus groups: 87 Interviews: 40 | The North West England | From a period of fieldwork observation in leisure groups and social centres | PA, exercise | Focus groups, in-depth interview | 16/20 |
Horne e.t al., 2012a [25] | Ethnographic approach | South Asians | 60–70 years | Focus groups: 29 Interviews: 17 | UK | From a period of fieldwork observation in leisure groups and social settings | PA | Focus groups, in-depth interview | 18/20 |
Horne et al., 2012b [52] | Systematic review | South Asian older adults | Â | 10 studies | UK and Canada | Â | PA | Â | 20/20 |
Horne et al., 2013 [26] | Exploratory qualitative approach | Community dwelling White and South Asians | 60–70 years |  | The North West of England | Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants with different experiences of PA participation | PA, exercise | Focus groups and in-depth interview | 16/20 |
Johnson, 2000 [27] | Survey, review of qualitative studies | South Asians | 16–74 years | 22 focus groups (14 with South Asians) | UK |  | PA | Focus groups | 14/20 |
Kay, 2006 [28] | Interviews with women and their families | Young Muslim women | 13–18 years and their families | 6 families. 7 women (Bangladeshi, black African, Arab) | Midland town, UK |  | PA, sport | Interview | 18/20 |
Lawton et al., 2006 [31] | Qualitative in-depth interviews | Pakistani and Indian patients in Scotland diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes | Over 18Â years, diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes | Pakistani: 12 women 11 men Indian: 5 women 4 men | Edinburgh, Scotland | Both clinical and local community recruitment. Purposively sampled. Snowball sampling | PA | In-depth interview | 15/17 |
Lucas et al., 2013 [40] | Review, meta-ethnographic approach | UK South Asian populations | Adults | 10 qualitative studies | UK | Â | PA, exercise | Â | 19/20 |
Nicolaou et al., 2012 [32] | Focus groups | Moroccan women | Women | Amsterdam: 4 focus groups (22 women) Morocco: 4 focus groups (29 women) | Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Morocco | Amsterdam (Mother-child centre, women’s centre) and Morocco (Al Hoceima town, small village and medium sized village) | PA | Focus groups | 20/20 |
Pallan et al., 2012 [34] | Focus groups with stakeholders | Â | Â | 9 focus groups with 68 local community stakeholders | UK | Stakeholders from 8 school communities with predominantly South Asian pupils | PA | Focus groups | 17/20 |
Pallan et al., 2013 [41] | Development of intervention | UK South Asian primary school-aged children | Â | Â | Birmingham, UK | Â | PA | Focus groups, literature review, expert group, review of local resources | 19/20 |
Pollard et al., 2012 [48] | Largely qualitative | British Pakistani women, Muslim | Â | 22 women | Newcastle upon Tyne, UK | Information event at leisure centre, snowball sampling | PA | Interview, accelerometer, 24Â h recall | 16/19 |
Rawlins et al., 2013 [45] | Focus groups | Black Caribbean, Black African, Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and White British children and their parents | Schools: 11–12 years, 10–11 years; Places of worship: 8–13 years and parents | 39 female 31 male students 34 mothers 9 fathers | London boroughs (Brent, Croydon, Ealing, Hackney, Hillingdon, Lambeth)/UK | Schools or places of worship | Healthy lifestyles | Focus groups, interview | 18/18 |
Sriskantharajah et al., 2007 [49] | Explorative qualitative | South Asian women (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, East African Asian, Sri Lankan) | 26–70 years, CHD and diabetes type 2 | 15 women | UK | Purposive sampling: 3 general practices | PA, exercise | Semi-structured interview | 16/17?? |
Steinbach et al., 2011 [38] | Qualitative in-depth interviews, fieldwork | workplaces with a mixed workforce (ethnicity, income, age) | Â | 78 | London, UK | Purposive sampling | Cycling for transport | Qualitative in-depth interview, fieldwork | 14/16 |
Södergren et al., 2008 [39] | Explorative qualitative | Immigrant women from Chile, Iraq and Turkey | 26–65 years | 63 women | Stockholm, Sweden | Multi-recruitment strategy | PA, exercise | Focus groups | 18/18 |
Walseth, 2006 [43] | Life-history | Muslim women with immigrant background (Pakistan, Turkey, Morocco, Iran, Syria, Somalia, Gambia, Macedonia, Kosovo) | 16–25 years | 21 women | Norway | Sampled through their former status as pupils at one elementary school in Oslo and through sport clubs | PA, Sport | Life-history interviews | 19/20 |