Table 3 Descriptive statistics of reported barriers to parental support by coding categories and meta-categories
Barrier meta-category | Barrier coding category | Reported barriers (n = 4351) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Supporting child physical activity | Supporting child screen time reduction | Supporting child healthy eating | Supporting child sleep | ||
Child individual factors | Child preferences | 955 | 108 | 233 | 419 | 195 |
Child's age | 305 | 67 | 77 | 75 | 86 | |
Child's schedule | 207 | 54 | 6 | 12 | 135 | |
Child health/medical | 193 | 71 | 15 | 32 | 75 | |
Special/favorite episodes | 43 | 0 | 43 | 0 | 0 | |
School and homework | 31 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
Pressure/stress | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | |
Food allergies | 15 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 0 | |
Child confidence | 15 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 4 | |
What child eats | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | |
Getting enough sleep | 12 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 5 | |
Habit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 1819 | 329 | 376 | 552 | 562 | |
Parent individual factors | Time/busy | 499 | 228 | 97 | 137 | 37 |
Lack of parental control | 252 | 28 | 103 | 55 | 66 | |
Work schedule | 215 | 96 | 40 | 42 | 37 | |
Cost | 172 | 97 | 6 | 63 | 6 | |
Lack of willpower | 68 | 20 | 33 | 8 | 7 | |
Inconvenience | 50 | 16 | 6 | 23 | 5 | |
Lack of alternate activity | 44 | 0 | 44 | 0 | 0 | |
Lack of routine | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |
Parent health/medical | 29 | 25 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Skills required | 25 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 2 | |
Need for distraction | 22 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 0 | |
Hard to keep up with expert recommendations | 6 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 1 | |
Convenience | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Reward | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 1422 | 516 | 370 | 341 | 195 | |
Interpersonal factors | Friends or family's perceptions | 100 | 8 | 60 | 23 | 9 |
Peer influence | 88 | 9 | 34 | 30 | 15 | |
Social activity/communication | 58 | 5 | 39 | 4 | 10 | |
Parental presence | 56 | 4 | 17 | 28 | 7 | |
Special occasions | 43 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 33 | |
Family distraction | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | |
Sibling influence | 31 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 18 | |
Parent role modelling | 30 | 4 | 9 | 11 | 6 | |
Peer availability | 29 | 15 | 14 | 0 | 0 | |
Siblings | 17 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 7 | |
Social norm | 10 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
Family purchasing behavior | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | |
Family routine | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 507 | 51 | 202 | 111 | 143 | |
Environmental factors | Weather | 244 | 172 | 72 | 0 | 0 |
Limited access to goods or services | 98 | 66 | 9 | 22 | 1 | |
Availability of electronics | 80 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 45 | |
Household sleep environment | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
Availability of alternatives | 17 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | |
Neighborhood safety | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Media/advertising | 13 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 0 | |
External sleep environment | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | |
Geography | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 491 | 270 | 99 | 51 | 71 | |
Other | Total | 112 | 15 | 20 | 26 | 51 |