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Table 3 Results from meta-regression analysis of 32 long term outcome reports of PA and diet interventions

From: Effective behaviour change techniques for physical activity and healthy eating in overweight and obese adults; systematic review and meta-regression analyses

 

Simple meta-regressiona

Multiple meta-regressionb

Study characteristics

b

95% CI

P value

Adj. R2 %

b

95% CI

P value

BCT 1.1 Goal setting behaviourc

0.228

(0.056, 0.400)

0.011

38.5

0.175

0.043, 0.307

0.011

BCT 1.2 Problem solvingc

0.161

(−0.005, 0.327)

0.057

25.1

   

BCT 1.3 Goal setting outcomec

0.256

(0.095, 0.416)

0.003

53.2

   

BCT 1.5 Review behaviour goalsc

−0.319

(−0.678, 0.040)

0.078

19.8

   

BCT 2.3 Self-monitoring of behaviourc

0.184

(0.009, 0.360)

0.040

30.8

   

BCT 2.7 Feedback on outcome of behaviourc

0.249

(0.085, 0.412)

0.004

43.8

0.145

0.021, 0.269

0.024

BCT 3.1 Social support (unspecified)c

0.192

(−0.011, 0.394)

0.063

21.6

   

BCT 8.7 Graded tasksc

0.203

(0.043, 0.363)

0.014

37.1

   

BCT 12.5 Adding objects to the environmentc

0.182

(0.010, 0.354)

0.039

12.7

   

Method basedd

  MI/SDT

0.000

reference

     

  ACT/CT/HAES/Mindful/other

−0.303

(−0.500, −0.105)

0.004

    

  Unclear

−0.199

(−0.372, −0.026)

0.026

57.5

−0.170

−0.294, −0.045g

0.009

Number of BCTs unique to the intervention groupe

0.028

(0.012, 0.044)

0.001

54.3

   

Total number of BCTs in intervention + control groupf

0.030

(0.014, 0.046)

0.001

61.3

   

Adj. R2 %

    

100.0

  
  1. Abbreviations and symbols: BCT Behaviour change technique, PA physical activity, ß estimated meta-regression coefficient, CI confidence interval, Adj. R 2 adjusted proportion of between study variance explained by predictors
  2. aSimple linear meta-regression of pooled estimates of 17 physical activity and 15 diet intervention’s outcome reports. Only predictors with significant or borderline significant effects are reported; bMultiple linear meta-regression: results after stepwise backwards elimination from model with all significant predictors included. Only effects with p < 0.05 are retained in the model; cThe difference of BCTs between intervention and control group contains this BCT, compared to studies not having this difference. dMethod-based interventions comparing MI or SDT based interventions with Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), Cognitive therapy (CT), Health-at-every-size (HAES) approach, Mindful based intervention or other methods, versus no method mentioned; eThe number of unique BCTs in the intervention groups as compared with the control group; fThe total number of BCTs in intervention and control group; gThe variable is dichotomized in the multiple meta-regression analysis to MI/SDT versus all others