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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the proportion (SD) of workday sitting for sociodemographic variables of participants not having and having a height-adjustable desk (HAD) as well as for regular and irregular/non-users of HAD

From: Who uses height-adjustable desks? - Sociodemographic, health-related, and psycho-social variables of regular users

 

Proportion of workday sitting in % × ± SD (n)

Without HAD

With HAD

Regular Users HAD

Irregular/Non-Users HAD

All

73.3 ± 21.2 (573)

71.3 ± 22.7 (108)

66.7 ± 25.0 (54)

75.8 ± 19.2 (54)

Socio-demographic factors

 Gender

  Male

73.3 ± 20.3 (295)

71.2 ± 22.1 (58)

66.3 ± 23.5 (34)

78.3 ± 18.1 (24)

  Female

73.3 ± 22.1 (278)

71.3 ± 23.6 (50)

67.5 ± 28.2 (20)

73.8 ± 20.2 (30)

 Age Group

  18–29 years

75.1 ± 22.1 (159)

78.9 ± 13.3 (16)

83.0 ± 13.3 (10)

72.4 ± 11.4 (6)

  30–45 years

75.7 ± 18.9 (193)

75.6 ± 17.7 (43)

69.9 ± 19.6 (24)

82.6 ± 12.4 (20)

  46–65 years

70.0 ± 22.1 (221)

64.7 ± 27.3 (47)

54.7 ± 30.1 (20)

71.8 ± 23.3 (28)

 Education

  ‘no school graduation’

66.0 ± 23.5 (4)

   

  ‘10 years of education’

56.5 ± 25.4 (29)

54.8 ± 9.6 (5)

 

54.8 ± 9.6 (5)

  ‘12 years of education’

69.1 ± 20.7 (149)

72.7 ± 21.9 (27)

74.5 ± 22.1 (15)

70.4 ± 22.4 (12)

  ‘13 years of education’

74.4 ± 22.3 (187)

66.7 ± 26.9 (40)

61.9 ± 30.4 (24)

74.0 ± 19.4 (16)

  ‘first university degree or higher’

78.0 ± 17.9 (203)

77.4 ± 17.2 (36)

66.9 ± 15.9 (15)

84.6 ± 14.3 (21)

 Body Mass Index

  Healthy weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2)

73.9 ± 21.0 (356)

71.2 ± 25.4 (69)

65.9 ± 29.0 (34)

76.4 ± 20.4 (35)

  Overweight–obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)

72.4 ± 21.5 (217)

71.4 ± 17.2 (38)

68.3 ± 16.6 (19)

74.6 ± 17.6 (19)

 Working hours per week

  ≤20 working hours/week

71.6 ± 27.0 (110)

77.6 ± 24.5 (11)

63.3 ± 44.3 (3)

82.5 ± 15.3 (9)

  20–40 working hours/week

73.1 ± 18.3 (278)

65.6 ± 24.0 (64)

62.8 ± 27.0 (33)

68.5 ± 20.3 (31)

  >40 working hours/week

74.7 ± 21.4 (185)

80.6 ± 14.8 (31)

74.9 ± 15.6 (17)

87.7 ± 10.2 (14)

 Subjective health statusa

  Excellent–good

74.0 ± 21.8 (417)

71.5 ± 20.9 (74)

67.2 ± 21.7 (40)

76.7 ± 19.1 (33)

  Fair–very poor

71.5 ± 19.5 (156)

70.7 ± 26.4 (34)

65.3 ± 34.3 (13)

74.3 ± 19.9 (20)

 Health Knowledge ‘Sitting for most of the time at work is bad for my health’b

   n (%) (strongly) agree

74.9 ± 20.8 (313)

67.5 ± 25.6 (61)

62.8 ± 26.5 (37)

74.6 ± 23.0 (24)

   n (%) neither agree nor disagree, (strongly) disagree

71.4 ± 21.5 (259)

75.5 ± 16.7 (45)

73.0 ± 18.6 (15)

76.7 ± 15.9 (30)

 Perceived organisational social norms ‘At my workplace nobody would mind if I chose to stand up while working at my desk’b

   n (%) (strongly) agree

73.3 ± 20.8 (388)

71.6 ± 22.8 (91)

67.3 ± 24.4 (46)

76.2 ± 20.2 (45)

   n (%) neither agree nor disagree, (strongly) disagree

73.2 ± 22.3 (182)

65.8 ± 21.4 (15)

53.0 ± 25.9 (6)

73.7 ± 14.4 (9)

 Perceived behavioural control ‘It is my choice whether I stand up or sit at my desk while at work’b

   n (%) (strongly) agree

71.8 ± 21.2 (314)

69.1 ± 22.8 (92)

64.5 ± 25.1 (48)

74.0 ± 19.1 (44)

   n (%) neither agree nor disagree, (strongly) disagree

74.9 ± 21.1 (253)

83.6 ± 17.6 (12)

81.2 ± 18.0 (3)

84.4 ± 18.5 (9)

  Advantages of sitting less ‘For me to sit less at work is pleasant’b

   n (%) (strongly) agree

70.4 ± 21.1 (264)

68.6 ± 21.5 (47)

59.8 ± 21.9 (26)

79.9 ± 15.0 (20)

   n (%) neither agree nor disagree, (strongly) disagree

75.9 ± 20.7 (297)

72.2 ± 23.8 (57)

71.1 ± 27.4 (24)

73.0 ± 21.3 (33)

  Disadvantages of sitting less ‘For me to sit less at work is not beneficial at all’b

   n (%) (strongly) agree

74.6 ± 21.2 (141)

77.1 ± 21.8 (26)

69.8 ± 25.4 (8)

80.4 ± 19.7 (18)

   n (%) neither agree nor disagree, (strongly) disagree

72.9 ± 21.1 (418)

68.2 ± 22.6 (78)

63.9 ± 24.8 (42)

73.3 ± 18.9 (36)

  Habit ‘I sit down at my desk without thinking about it’b

   n (%) (strongly) agree

76.0 ± 19.0 (406)

73.5 ± 22.3 (70)

66.0 ± 26.1 (31)

79.3 ± 16.9 (39)

   n (%) neither agree nor disagree, (strongly) disagree

67.4 ± 24.3 (153)

65.3 ± 22.7 (35)

64.7 ± 23.5 (20)

66.1 ± 22.4 (14)

  1. aScored on a five-point scale (1–5) ranging from ‘excellent’ to ‘very poor’
  2. bScored on a five-point scale (1–5) ranging from ‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’