Table 1 Study information and sample characteristics of the articles included in the systematic review

Biddle et al. (2009) [24]

/

CS

0.91

3

623

13–18

60 %

32–63 % Low SES^a

n. r.

E.M.A.

Total physical activity (min/day)

Duncan et al. (2015) [25]

/

CS

0.96

2

2 760

9–14

55 %

n. r.

Mean BMI: 18.1 km/m²

Pedometer

Average steps/day

Ramirez-Rico et al. (2014) [26]

/

CS

0.86

2

367

10–14

61 %

n. r.

BMI range^a: 19.0–21.0 kg/m²

Accelerometer

MPA (min/day, 2296–4012 CPM)

VPA (min/day, >4012 CPM)

MVPA (min/day, >2296 CPM)

Soos et al. (2014) [27]

/

CS

0.86

4

700

12–18

57 %

n. r.

n. r.

E.M.A.

% meeting recommendations MVPA (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days/week)

Fernandez-Alvira et al. (2013) [28]

ENERGY

CS

0.95

7

5 284

10–12

54 %

33 % Low PEL

Overweight: 20.4 %

Questionnaire

Total physical activity (min/day)

Jimenez-Pavon et al. (2012) [29]

ENERGY

CS

0.86

7

7 213

10–12

52 %

22–63 % Low PEL^a

Mean BMI: 19.1 kg/m²

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations MVPA (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days/week)

Verloigne et al. (2012) [30]

ENERGY

CS

0.95

5

687

10–12

53 %

n. r.

Mean BMI: 19.0 kg/m²

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (cnts/15 s/day)

MVPA (min/day, >3000 CPM)

% meeting recommendations MVPA (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days/week)

Yildirim et al. (2014) [31]

ENERGY

CS

0.95

5

722

10–12

53 %

n. r.

n. r.

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (cnts/15 s/day)

MVPA (min/day, >3000 CPM)

Aibar et al. (2013) [32]

EPAPA

CS

0.95

2

301

Mean: 14.45

53 %

Range FAS score^a: 2.62-2.82 (max score = 3)

BMI range^a: 19.2–21.2 kg/m²

Accelerometer

MVPA (min/day, >2292 CPM)

10 min bouts of MVPA (min/day)

% meeting recommendations MVPA (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days/week)

% of participants meeting guidelines 10 min bouts

Aibar et al. (2014) [33]

EPAPA

CS

0.82

2

829

Mean: 14.33

55 %

Range FAS score^a: 6.52–7.08 (max score = 9)

BMI range^a: 18.9–20.2 kg/m²

Accelerometer

MVPA (min/day, >2292 CPM)

Andersen et al. (2006) [34]

EYHS

CS

0.91

3

1 732

9 and 15

53 %

n. r.

BMI range^a: 16.4–21.8 kg/m²

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (CPM/day)

Ekelund et al. (2004) [35]

EYHS

CS

1.00

4

1 292

9–10

51 %

n. r.

Overweight: 14.8 %

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (CPM/day)

LPA (% of total time, 500–2000 CPM)

MVPA (% of total time, > 2000 CPM)

VPA (% of total time, > 3000 CPM)

Nilsson et al. (2009) [36]

EYHS

CS

1.00

4

1 184

9 and 15

50 %

n. r.

n. r.

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (CPM/day)

MVPA (min/day, >2000 CPM)

Ortega et al. (2013) [37]

EYHS

LT, CH

0.91

2

503

15 and 18

54 %

UEM^a: 27.6–33.7 %

BMI range^a: 16.4–17.3 kg/m²

Accelerometer

MVPA (min/day, >2000 CPM)

Riddoch et al. (2004) [38]

EYHS

CS

0.86

4

2 185

9 and 15

n. r.

n. r.

n. r.

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (CPM/day)

MVPA (min/day, >1000 CPM for 9 year olds, >1500 CPM for 15 year olds)

Janssen et al. (2005) [39]

HBSC 01/02

CS

0.95

27

128 845

10–16

47–53 % ^a

n. r.

Overweight^a: 5.1–25.4 %

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on ≥5 days)

HBSC Report 2004 [40]

HBSC 01/02

CS

0.73

27

162 306

11, 13 and 15

51 %

27.6 % Low SES

Overweight^a: 7.9–12 %

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on ≥5 days)

Mean number of days with physical activity ≥1 h

Haug et al. (2009) [41]

HBSC 05/06

CS

1.00

34

204 534

11, 13 and 15

49 %

n. r.

Overweight^a: 7.6–28.8 %

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on ≥5 days)

% of participants VPA ≥2 h/week

HBSC Report 2008 [42]

HBSC 05/06

CS

0.68

34

188 147

11, 13 and 15

51 %

n. r.

Overweight^a: 10–17 %

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days)

% of participants VPA ≥2 h/week

Ramos et al. (2013) [43]

HBSC 09/10

CS

0.82

2

9 444

11, 13 and 15

54 %

n. r.

Overweight: 13–16.9 %

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on ≥5 days)

% of participants VPA ≥2 times/week

HBSC Report 2012 [44]

HBSC 09/10

CS

0.68

34

178 531

11, 13 and 15

51 %

2–42 %^a Low SES (FAS =1)

Overweight^a: 10–18 %

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days)

% of participants VPA ≥2 h/week

Kalman et al. (2015) [45]

HBSC 01/02, 05/06, 09/10

CS

0.91

26

479 674

11, 13 and 15

51 %

n. r.

n. r.

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days)

HBSC report 2016 [46]

HBSC 13/14

CS

0.86

36

199 316

11, 13 and 15

51 %

Mean FAS score^a: 38–76

Overweight^a: 11–19 %

Questionnaire

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days)

% of participants VPA ≥2 h/week

Ekelund et al. (2012) [47]

ICAD

Pooled data (CS and LT)

0.91

7

15 614

4–18

52 %

n. r.

Overweight: 25 %

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (CPM/day)

MVPA (min/day, >3000 CPM)

Hildebrand et al. (2015) [48]

ICAD

Pooled data (CS and LT)

0.91

6

10 367

6–18

53 %

n. r.

Overweight: 16 %, Obese: 5 %

Accelerometer

Total physical activity (CPM/day)

MVPA (min/day, >3000 CPM)

Gwozdz et al. (2013) [49]

IDEFICS

CS

0.73

8

4 425

2–9

n. r.

Education mother (ISCED): 4

n. r.

Accelerometer

MVPA (% of total time, > 1680 CPM)

Konstabel et al. (2014) [50]

IDEFICS

CS

0.96

8

7 684

2–11

50 %

n. r.

n. r.

Accelerometer

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days)

Kovacs et al. (2015) [51]

IDEFICS

CS

0.96

8

16 228

2–9

49 %

% with low mother education (ISCED): 11 %

n. r.

Accelerometer

% meeting recommendations (≥60 min MVPA on 7 days)

Katzmarzyk et al. (2015) [52]

ISCOLE

CS

0.96

3

1 664

9–11

55 %

n. r.

BMI range^a: 17.7–19.5

Accelerometer

MVPA (min/day, >2296 CPM)

VPA (min/day, > 4012 CPM)

De Craemer et al. (2015) [53]

TOYBOX

CS

0.96

6

4 045

3–6

48 %

n. r.

n. r.

Accelerometer and pedometer

Average steps/day

% meeting recommendations (≥180 min MVPA on 7 days)