Table 2 Baseline and follow-up characteristics (mean and SD) of exposure and outcome variates given by sex and age group at baseline
2- < 4 years | 4- < 6 years | 6- < 8 years | 8- < 10 years | All | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
boys = 259; | boys = 403; | boys = 544; | boys = 221; | boys = 1427; | ||
girls = 222 | girls = 326 | girls = 513 | girls = 265 | girls = 1326 | ||
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
Daily energy intake (kcal/day) at baseline | boys | 1423.1 (119.6) | 1553.6 (125.9) | 1706.1 (126.3) | 1817.4 (135.2) | 1628.9 (181.8) |
girls | 1303.8 (108.3) | 1429.9 (108.1) | 1580.8 (111.5) | 1669.6 (113.4) | 1515.1 (167.0) | |
Daily energy intake (kcal/day) at follow-up | boys | 1629.1 (211.4) | 1764.7 (249.4) | 1838.9 (272.7) | 1912.6 (255.1) | 1791.3 (268.5) |
girls | 1514.0 (203.8) | 1592.5 (221.1) | 1707.1 (245.5) | 1752.9 (252.1) | 1655.8 (249.2) | |
Change in daily energy intake (kcal) | boys | 206.0 (214.2) | 211.2 (243.8) | 132.8 (276.1) | 95.2 (272.7) | 162.4 (260.0) |
girls | 210.2 (204.2) | 162.7 (231.9) | 126.4 (254.8) | 83.3 (248.2) | 140.7 (243.3) | |
Height (cm) at baseline | boys | 99.5 (5.7) | 110.9 (5.7) | 124.9 (6.4) | 132.6 (6.0) | 117.5 (12.8) |
girls | 98.4 (6.0) | 109.7 (6.1) | 124.3 (6.5) | 131.7 (5.5) | 117.9 (13.1) | |
Height (cm) at follow-up | boys | 113.8 (5.9) | 124.2 (5.9) | 136.5 (6.9) | 143.4 (6.5) | 130.0 (11.9) |
girls | 113.4 (6.5) | 123.0 (6.2) | 135.9 (7.1) | 143.6 (6.7) | 130.5 (12.4) | |
Change in height (cm) | boys | 14.4 (2.6) | 13.3 (1.9) | 11.6 (2.0) | 10.9 (2.0) | 12.5 (2.4) |
girls | 15.0 (2.3) | 13.4 (2.4) | 11.6 (2.3) | 12.0 (3.0) | 12.7 (2.7) | |
BMI z-scorea (kg/m2) at baseline | boys | 0.17 (1.02) | 0.27 (1.22) | 0.51 (1.25) | 0.57 (1.22) | 0.39 (1.21) |
girls | 0.13 (1.03) | 0.51 (1.16) | 0.54 (1.12) | 0.64 (1.15) | 0.48 (1.13) | |
BMI z-scorea (kg/m2) at follow-up | boys | 0.38 (1.19) | 0.56 (1.25) | 0.59 (1.27) | 0.59 (1.19) | 0.55 (1.24) |
girls | 0.37 (1.18) | 0.66 (1.16) | 0.59 (1.09) | 0.64 (1.16) | 0.58 (1.14) | |
Annual change in BMI z-scorea (kg/m2) | boys | 0.11 (0.41) | 0.15 (0.33) | 0.04 (0.33) | 0.01 (0.24) | 0.08 (0.34) |
girls | 0.12 (0.35) | 0.08 (0.34) | 0.03 (0.24) | 0.0 (0.21) | 0.05 (0.29) | |
Screen time (hours per week) | boys | 8.8 (6.0) | 12.0 (7.7) | 13.6 (7.4) | 16.3 (8.7) | 12.7 (7.8) |
girls | 7.7 (5.5) | 10.2 (6.3) | 11.8 (6.8) | 12.7 (6.8) | 10.9 (6.7) | |
Parental BMI | boys | 24.32 (4.48) | 24.44 (4.66) | 24.07 (4.15) | 23.97 (3.89) | 24.20 (4.32) |
girls | 24.18 (4.62) | 24.45 (4.8) | 23.97 (4.03) | 24.31 (4.41) | 24.20 (4.46) | |
MVPA (minutes per day)b; subgroup analysisc | 2- < 4 years | 4- < 6 years | 6- < 8 years | 8- < 10 years | All | |
boys = 154; | boys = 283; | boys = 390; | boys = 177; | boys = 1004; | ||
girls = 133 | girls = 222 | girls = 374 | girls = 200 | girls = 929 | ||
boys | 36.2 (19.3) | 42.5 (23.0) | 44.7 (24.7) | 42.0 (24.8) | 43.1 (23.7) | |
girls | 28.6 (14.0) | 33.8 (18.4) | 34.2 (17.4) | 34.2 (20.7) | 33.3 (18.0) | |