| Site | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable (range of values**) | Northwestern | LSU | Stanford | Tufts | Florida | Pittsburgh | Wake Forest | Yale | Overall |
(N) | 195 | 208 | 198 | 192 | 191 | 213 | 203 | 200 | 1600 |
Residential density (1–5) | 2.73(1.61)bcdefgh | 1.21(0.56)adfh | 1.40(0.80)adf | 2.14(1.21)abcefgh | 1.38(0.84)adfh | 1.70(1.06)abcdeg | 1.41(0.76)adf | 1.65(0.99)abde | 1.70(1.12) |
Access to services (1–4) | 3.00(0.69)bcdefgh | 2.21(0.54)acdg | 2.67(0.64)abefgh | 2.69(0.75)abefgh | 2.33(0.62)acdgh | 2.32(0.70)acdgh | 2.04(0.68)abcdef | 2.07(0.71)acdef | 2.41(0.74) |
Travel access (0–1) | 0.83(0.38)b | 0.95(0.23)afh | 0.89(0.32) | 0.86(0.35) | 0.90(0.30) | 0.82(0.39)b | 0.87(0.34) | 0.83(0.38)b | 0.87(0.34) |
Street connectivity (1–4) | 3.25(0.67)bcefgh | 2.78(0.82)ad | 2.91(0.71)aeg | 3.11(0.69)befgh | 2.71(0.89)acdf | 2.91(0.77)adeg | 2.70(0.84)acdf | 2.75(0.77)ad | 2.89(0.79) |
Walkability (1–4) | 3.48(0.76)bcdefgh | 2.28(1.06)acdeg | 2.97(1.09)abefgh | 3.14(0.92)abefgh | 2.01(1.03)abcdf | 2.54(1.23)acdegh | 1.79(1.04)abcdfh | 2.14(1.17)acdfg | 2.54(1.19) |
Aesthetics (1–4) | 3.32(0.66)bfgh | 3.00(0.88)acde | 3.37(0.64)bfgh | 3.33(0.62)bfgh | 3.31(0.69)bfgh | 2.92(0.79)acde | 2.98(0.85)acde | 3.10(0.74)acde | 3.16(0.76) |
Traffic safety (1–4) | 2.84(0.59)befgh | 2.45(0.70)acde | 2.84(0.59)befgh | 2.78(0.58)bfgh | 2.67(0.64)abcgh | 2.53(0.63)acdgh | 2.33(0.70)acdef | 2.34(0.63)acdef | 2.59(0.66) |
Crime safety (1–4) | 3.00(0.64)bcd | 3.25(0.66)af | 3.29(0.52)afh | 3.30(0.53)afh | 3.14(0.68)f | 2.98(0.60)bcdeg | 3.16(0.61)f | 3.13(0.57)cd | 3.16(0.61) |
Social cohesion (1–5) | 3.45(0.75)bcdegh | 4.03(0.76)acdefgh | 3.77(0.73)ab | 3.72(0.72)ab | 3.83(0.82)abf | 3.62(0.73)beg | 3.83(0.81)abf | 3.66(0.73)ab | 3.74(0.77) |
Social modeling (1–4) | 3.14(0.92)bfgh | 2.86(1.04)adfg | 3.04(0.95)fgh | 3.14(0.89)bfgh | 2.93(1.01)fgh | 2.55(1.07)abcde | 2.53(1.09)abcde | 2.66(1.01)acde | 2.85(1.03) |
Intergenerational mix (1–5) | 3.83(1.12) | 3.87(1.16) | 3.87(1.16) | 3.91(1.13) | 3.86(1.14) | 3.71(1.14) | 3.61(1.25) | 3.67(1.20) | 3.79(1.16) |