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Table 2 Means and standard deviations of perceived built environment variables, by site*

From: An observational study identifying obese subgroups among older adults at increased risk of mobility disability: do perceptions of the neighborhood environment matter?

 

Site

Variable (range of values**)

Northwestern

LSU

Stanford

Tufts

Florida

Pittsburgh

Wake Forest

Yale

Overall

(N)

195

208

198

192

191

213

203

200

1600

Residential density (1–5)

2.73(1.61)bcdefgh

1.21(0.56)adfh

1.40(0.80)adf

2.14(1.21)abcefgh

1.38(0.84)adfh

1.70(1.06)abcdeg

1.41(0.76)adf

1.65(0.99)abde

1.70(1.12)

Access to services (1–4)

3.00(0.69)bcdefgh

2.21(0.54)acdg

2.67(0.64)abefgh

2.69(0.75)abefgh

2.33(0.62)acdgh

2.32(0.70)acdgh

2.04(0.68)abcdef

2.07(0.71)acdef

2.41(0.74)

Travel access (0–1)

0.83(0.38)b

0.95(0.23)afh

0.89(0.32)

0.86(0.35)

0.90(0.30)

0.82(0.39)b

0.87(0.34)

0.83(0.38)b

0.87(0.34)

Street connectivity (1–4)

3.25(0.67)bcefgh

2.78(0.82)ad

2.91(0.71)aeg

3.11(0.69)befgh

2.71(0.89)acdf

2.91(0.77)adeg

2.70(0.84)acdf

2.75(0.77)ad

2.89(0.79)

Walkability (1–4)

3.48(0.76)bcdefgh

2.28(1.06)acdeg

2.97(1.09)abefgh

3.14(0.92)abefgh

2.01(1.03)abcdf

2.54(1.23)acdegh

1.79(1.04)abcdfh

2.14(1.17)acdfg

2.54(1.19)

Aesthetics (1–4)

3.32(0.66)bfgh

3.00(0.88)acde

3.37(0.64)bfgh

3.33(0.62)bfgh

3.31(0.69)bfgh

2.92(0.79)acde

2.98(0.85)acde

3.10(0.74)acde

3.16(0.76)

Traffic safety (1–4)

2.84(0.59)befgh

2.45(0.70)acde

2.84(0.59)befgh

2.78(0.58)bfgh

2.67(0.64)abcgh

2.53(0.63)acdgh

2.33(0.70)acdef

2.34(0.63)acdef

2.59(0.66)

Crime safety (1–4)

3.00(0.64)bcd

3.25(0.66)af

3.29(0.52)afh

3.30(0.53)afh

3.14(0.68)f

2.98(0.60)bcdeg

3.16(0.61)f

3.13(0.57)cd

3.16(0.61)

Social cohesion (1–5)

3.45(0.75)bcdegh

4.03(0.76)acdefgh

3.77(0.73)ab

3.72(0.72)ab

3.83(0.82)abf

3.62(0.73)beg

3.83(0.81)abf

3.66(0.73)ab

3.74(0.77)

Social modeling (1–4)

3.14(0.92)bfgh

2.86(1.04)adfg

3.04(0.95)fgh

3.14(0.89)bfgh

2.93(1.01)fgh

2.55(1.07)abcde

2.53(1.09)abcde

2.66(1.01)acde

2.85(1.03)

Intergenerational mix (1–5)

3.83(1.12)

3.87(1.16)

3.87(1.16)

3.91(1.13)

3.86(1.14)

3.71(1.14)

3.61(1.25)

3.67(1.20)

3.79(1.16)

  1. *P values for omnibus tests of significance (ANOVA) set at ≤ .01. Superscripts indicate significantly different groups for those variables in which the omnibus test reached statistical significance
  2. **Higher score denotes a favorable outcome for each variable