Table 3 Physical activity prevalence in South Asian children

[13] Griffiths et al. 2013

Age 7

UK

Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours.

Meeting recommended activity levels:

White: 51.4 %

Indian: 40.0 %

Pakistani: 45.2 %

Bangladeshi: 32.8 %

Overall counts/minute:

White: 597

Indian: 511

Pakistani: 563

Bangladeshi: 538

Sedentary hours/day:

White: 6.5

Indian: 6.9

Pakistani: 6.4

Bangladeshi: 6.5

Moderate and vigorous minutes/day:

White: 60.2

Indian: 52.6

Pakistani: 58.2

Bangladeshi: 52.9

Steps/day:

White: 10,343

Indian: 8,699

Pakistani: 9,419

Bangladeshi: 8,894

[11] Falconer et al. 2014

4 to 5 and 10 to 11

5 PCTs in England

Self-report questionnaires

Child does not achieve ≥1 hr of physical activity/day

White: 56.2 %

Asian: 59.4 %

[10] Eyre et al. 2013

8 to 9

Coventry

Physical activity and heart rate worn monitor for 7 days

Meeting WHO recommended activity levels:

White European: 73 %

South Asian: 35 %

Wake hour average counts/minute:

White European: 116

South Asian: 102

Sedentary hours/day:

White European: 15.2

South Asian: 15.7

Moderate and vigorous hours/day:

White European: 1.3

South Asian: 1.0

Counts/minute during break-time:

White European: 341

South Asian: 317

[21] McMinn et al. 2011

9 to 10

London, Birmingham, Leicester

Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours.

Average counts/minute:

White European: 481

South Asian: 452

[23] Owen et al. 2009

9 to 10

London, Birmingham, Leicester

Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours.

Average counts/minute:

Average counts/minute:

Average counts/minute:

White European: 498

White European: 537

White European: 463

South Asian: 457

South Asian: 510

South Asian: 414

Sedentary minutes/day:

Sedentary minutes/day:

Sedentary minutes/day:

White European: 554

White European: 551

White European: 556

South Asian: 593

South Asian: 579

South Asian: 604

Moderate and vigorous minutes/day:

Moderate and vigorous minutes/day:

Moderate and vigorous minutes/day:

White European: 70

White European: 77

White European: 62

South Asian: 65

South Asian: 73

South Asian: 57

Mean number of steps:

Mean number of steps:

Mean number of steps:

White European: 10,220

White European: 10,882

White European: 9,660

South Asian: 9,314

South Asian: 10,202

South Asian: 8,571

[25] Pollard et al. 2012

9 to 11

North East England

Accelerometer worn for 2 school days

Percentage of time sedentary during recess:

White British: 54.5 %

British Pakistani: 57.3 %

Percentage of time in moderate and vigorous activity during recess:

White British: 15.4 %

British Pakistani: 12.9 %

[9] Duncan et al. 2012

8 to 11

Coventry

Pedometers worn over 4 days

Average weekday steps/day:

White: 14,734

South Asian: 13,023

Average weekend steps/day:

White: 11,135

South Asian: 10,383

Average total steps/day (PB calculation):

White: 12,935

South Asian: 11,703

[14] Harding et al. 2008

11 to 13

London

Self-report physical activity questions on vigorous sports

Percentage in most active 1^st quartile:

Percentage in most active 1^st quartile:

White UK: 23.9 %

White UK: 12.6 %

Indian: 23.8 %

Indian: 16.5 %

Pakistani/Bangladeshi: 31.3 %

Pakistani/Bangladeshi: 14.9 %

Percentage in least active 4^th quartile:

White UK: 21.4 %

Percentage in least active 4^th quartile:

White UK:38.0 %

Indian: 18.0 %

Indian: 46.3 %

Pakistani/Bangladeshi: 17.2 %

Pakistani/Bangladeshi: 38.3 %

[7] Duncan et al. 2006

11 to 14

Birmingham

Self-report, validated questionnaire - Four by one day

Very Inactive:

White: 20.9 %

Asian: 14.9 %

Inactive:

White: 43.5 %

Asian: 44.8 %

Moderately Active:

White: 21.5 %

Asian: 26.9 %

Active:

White: 14.1 %

Asian: 13.4 %

[8] Duncan et al. 2008

11 to 14

Birmingham

Self-report, validated questionnaire - Four by one day

Average daily minutes spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity:

White: 90.0

South Asian: 68.2

[18] Khunti et al. 2007

11 to 16

Leicester

Self-report questionnaire derived from Four by one day

Light aerobic exercise on six or more days during previous two weeks:

Light aerobic exercise on six or more days during previous two weeks:

Light aerobic exercise on six or more days during previous two weeks:

White European: 39 %

White European: 42 %

White European: 37 %

South Asians:40 %

South Asians: 40 %

South Asians: 39 %

Hard aerobic exercise on six or more days during previous two weeks:

Hard aerobic exercise on six or more days during previous two weeks:

Hard aerobic exercise on six or more days during previous two weeks:

White European: 41 %

White European: 52 %

White European: 32 %

South Asians: 37 %

South Asians: 48 %

South Asians: 25 %

[30] Williams et al. 1998

14 to 15

Glasgow

Self-report questionnaire

Physical exercise for 20 minutes once a week or less:

Physical exercise for 20 minutes once a week or less:

Other origin: 8 %

Other origin: 15 %

British Asian: 18 %

British Asian: 16 %

Physical exercise for 20 minutes 2–3 times/ week:

Physical exercise for 20 minutes 2–3 times/ week:

Other origin: 22 %

Other origin: 39 %

British Asian: 29 %

British Asian: 53 %

Physical exercise for 20 minutes 4–6 times/week:

Physical exercise for 20 minutes 4–6 times/week:

Other origin: 40 %

Other origin: 26 %

British Asian: 26 %

British Asian: 15 %

[16] Hemmings et al. 2011

14 to 15

London

Accelerometer worn for 7 days

Low activity in counts/minute:

British White: 267.4

British South Asian: 260.2

Moderate activity in counts/minute:

British White: 70.5

British South Asian: 78.1

Vigorous activity in counts/minute:

British White: 5.2

British South Asian: 5.1