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Table 2 Mixed effects models of the trend in enjoyment of PE over time by gender, perceived competence, parental education, participation in organized activity, and BMI

From: Gender, perceived competence and the enjoyment of physical education in children: a longitudinal examination

 

Model 1

Estimate (SE)

Model 2

Estimate (SE)

Model 3

Estimate (SE)

Intercept

10.7 (0.05)***

8.41 (0.15)***

9.02 (0.2)***

Time (days)

-1.6 × 10-4 (8.5 × 10-5)

-2.5 × 10-4 (8.2 × 10-5)**

-3.0 × 10-3 (3.5 × 10-4)***

Age (baseline)

0.03 (0.08)

0.03 (0.06)

0.04 (0.06)

Gender

   

   Male

0.2 (0.07)**

0.01 (0.06)

-0.05 (0.25)

   Female

-

-

-

Male by Time

5.8 × 10-4 (1.2 × 10-4)***

5.7 × 10-4 (1.1 × 10-4)***

2.7 × 10-3 (5.4 × 10-4)***

BMI

 

-0.03 (0.01)***

-0.03 (0.01)***

Parental Education

   

   High School or Less

 

-0.16 (0.09)

-0.16 (0.09)

   College/Technical School

 

-0.001 (0.06)

-5.0 × 10-5 (5.5 × 10-2)

   Undergraduate Degree

 

-0.23 (0.09)**

-0.22 (0.09)**

Professional/Graduate Degree

 

-0.09 (0.11)

-0.08 (0.1)

   Education missing

 

-

-

Organized Activity Participation

 

1.5 × 10-2 (3.6 × 10-3)***

1.3 × 10-2 (3.5 × 10-3)***

Perceived Athletic Competence (PAC)

 

0.15 (4.6 × 10-3)***

0.12 (0.01)***

PAC by Time

  

1.5 × 10-4 (1.9 × 10-5)***

PAC by Male

  

4.9 × 10-3 (1.3 × 10-2)

PAC by Time by Male

  

1.2 × 10-4 (2.8 × 10-5)***

  1. ** p < .01; *** p < .001