Table 2 Summary of characteristics of included studies
From: Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | nanalyzed | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First Author | Year | Country | Grade | Age Range | Mean age | Total | Boys | Girls | Units of sedentary behaviour | Exposure | Outcome | |
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Epstein LH [265] | 1995 | US | Â | 8-12 | 10.1 | 61 | Â | Â | hour | week | TV | BC |
Epstein LH [50] | 2008 | US | Â | 4-7 | 6 | 70 | 37 | 33 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Goldfield GS [264] | 2006 | Canada | Â | 8-12 | 10.4 | 30 | 13 | 17 | min | day | TV | BC |
Gortmaker SL [57] | 1995 | US | Â | Â | 11.7 | 1295 | 668 | 627 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Hughes AR [262] | 1991 | Scotland | Â | 5-11 | 8.8 | 134 | 59 | 74 | hour | day | SB | BC |
Robinson TN [58] | 1999 | US | Â | Â | Â | 192 | Â | Â | hour | week | TV, GAMES | BC |
Robinson TN [221] | 2003 | US | Â | 8-10 | 9.5 | 61 | 0 | 61 | hour | week | TV | BC, SE |
Shelton D [263] | 2007 | Australia | Â | 3-10 | 7.5 | 43 | 20 | 23 | hour | day | TV | BC |
INTERVENTION STUDIES | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
Epstein LH [56] | 2000 | US | Â | 8-12 | 10.5 | 76 | 24 | 52 | hour | month | SB, ST | BC, FIT |
Epstein LH [59] | 2004 | US | Â | 8-12 | 9.8 | 60 | 23 | 39 | times | week | TV | BC |
Epstein LH [60] | 2005 | US | Â | 8-16 | Â | 58 | 28 | 30 | hour | day | SB, TV | BC |
Gentile DA [61] | 2009 | US | Â | Â | 9.6 | 1323 | 685 | 674 | hour | day | ST | BC |
Goldfield GS [52] | 2007 | Canada | Â | 8-12 | 10.4 | 30 | 13 | 17 | hour | day | SB | BC, SE |
Harrison M [62] | 2003 | Ireland | Â | Â | 10.2 | 312 | 177 | 135 | min | day | TV, ST | BC |
Ochoa MC [53] | 2007 | Spain | Â | 6-18 | 11.6 | 370 | 196 | 174 | hour | week | TV | BC |
Salmon J [51] | 2008 | Australia | Â | 1011 | 10.8 | 311 | 152 | 159 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Simon C [54] | 2002 | France | Â | Â | 11.7 | 954 | 468 | 486 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC, SE |
Tanasescu M [55] | 2000 | Puerto Rico | 7-10 | 9.2 | 53 | 22 | 31 | hour | day | TV | BC | |
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | hour | Â | Â | ||
Aires L [83] | 2010 | Portugal | 11-19 | Â | 345 | 147 | 198 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC, FIT | |
Berkey CS [76] | 2003 | US | Â | 10-15 | Â | 11887 | 5120 | 6767 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
Bhargava A [77] | 2008 | US | Â | Â | Â | 7635 | Â | Â | min | day | TV | BC |
Blair NJ [68] | 2007 | England | Â | Â | 5.5 | 591 | 287 | 304 | hour | day | SB, TV | BC |
Borradaile KE [86] | 2008 | US | Â | Â | 11.2 | 1092 | 501 | 591 | hour | week | TV | BC |
Burke V [71] | 2006 | Australia | Â | Â | 7.6/10.8 | 1569 | 630 | 648 | hour | week | SCREEN | BC |
Chen JL [78] | 2007 | Chinese | Â | 7-8 | 7.52 | 307 | 147 | 160 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
Danner FW [66] | 2008 | US | Â | Â | Â | 7334 | 3674 | 3660 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Dasgupta K [215] | 2006 | Canada | Â | Â | 12.7/15.1/17.0 | 662 | 319 | 343 | hour | week | SB, TV | MS |
Day RS [85] | 2009 | US | Â | 8-14 | Â | 556 | 277 | 279 | min | day | TV | BC |
Dietz WH [181] | 1985 | US | Â | 12-17 | Â | 2153 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Elgar FJ [79] | 2005 | Wales | Â | Â | 11.7 | 654 | 293 | 361 | hour | week | TV | BC |
Elgar FJ [79] | 2005 | Wales | Â | Â | 15.3 | 392 | 181 | 211 | hour | week | TV | BC |
Ennemoser M [237] | 2007 | German | Â | 6-8 | Â | 332 | Â | Â | min | day | TV | SE, AA |
Fulton JE [84] | 2009 | US | Â | 10-18 | Â | 472 | 245 | 227 | min | day | TV | BC |
Gable S [70] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | Â | 8000 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Hancox RJ [88] | 2004 | New Zealand | 5-15 | Â | 1013 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC, MS | |
Hancox RJ [72] | 2006 | New Zealand | 5-15 | Â | 603 | 372 | 339 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC | |
Henderson VR [67] | 2007 | US | Â | 11-19 | Â | 2379 | 0 | 2379 | hour | day | TV, SCREEN | BC |
Hesketh K [80] | 1997 | Australia | Â | 5-10 | 7.6 | 1278 | 630 | 648 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Hesketh K [80] | 1997 | Australia | Â | 8-13 | 10.7 | 1278 | 630 | 648 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Hesketh K [64] | 2009 | Australia | Â | 5-10 | 7.7 | 1943 | 972 | 971 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
Hesketh K [64] | 2009 | Australia | Â | 8-13 | Â | 1569 | 816 | 753 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
Jackson LA [223] | 2009 | US | Â | Â | 12 | 500 | 235 | 265 | hour | day | COMP, SCREEP | SE |
Jago R [82] | 2005 | US | Â | 5-6 | 6.5 | 138 | 65 | 73 | min | hr | SB, TV | BC |
Janz KF [73] | 2005 | US | Â | Â | 5.6/8.6 | 378 | 176 | 202 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Johnson JG [41] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | AA |
Kaur H [75] | 2003 | US | Â | 12-17 | Â | 2223 | 1149 | 1074 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Lajunen HR [128] | 2007 | Finland | Â | 15-19 | Â | 5184 | Â | Â | hour | Â | SB | BC |
Lonner W [238] | 1985 | US | Â | 9-19 | 14.2 | 367 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | AA |
Maffeis C [89] | 1998 | Italy | Â | Â | 8.7 | 298 | 148 | 150 | min | day | SCREEN | BC |
Mistry K [229] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | PRO |
Mitchell JA [49] | 2009 | UK | Â | 11-12 | 11.8 | 5434 | 2590 | 2844 | hour | day | SB | BC, FIT |
Must A [87] | 2007 | US | Â | 10-17 | Â | 156 | 0 | 156 | hour | day | SB, SCREEN | BC |
O'Brien M [69] | 2007 | US | Â | 2-12 | Â | 653 | Â | Â | hour | week | TV | BC |
Parsons TJ [74] | 2005 | England/Scotland/Wales | 11/16 | 17733 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC | ||
Purslow LR [63] | 2008 | England | Â | 8-9 | Â | 345 | 176 | 169 | min | day | SB | BC |
Timperio A [65] | 2008 | Australia | Â | 10-12 | Â | 344 | 152 | 192 | times | week | SB, SCREEN | BC |
Treuth MS [29] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | 11.9 | 984 | 0 | 984 | min | day | SB | BC |
Treuth MS [27] | 2009 | US | Â | Â | 13.9 | 984 | 0 | 984 | min | day | SB | BC |
Wosje,K.S [205] | 2009 | US | Â | 6.75-7.25 | Â | 214 | Â | Â | hour | day | SCREEN | FIT |
CROSS SECTIONAL STUDIES | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
Al SH [192] | 2009 | International | Â | 12-18 | Â | 17715 | 8503 | 9212 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Albarwani S [207] | 2009 | Oman | Â | 15-16 | Â | 529 | 245 | 284 | hour | week | TV, COMP | FIT |
Alves JG [191] | 2009 | Brazil | Â | 7-10 | Â | 733 | 407 | 326 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Aman J [218] | 2009 | Sweden | Â | 11-18 | 14.5 | 2093 | 1016 | 991 | hour | week | TV, COMP | MS |
Andersen LF [155] | 2005 | Norway | Â | 8-14 | Â | 1432 | 702 | 730 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Andersen RE [142] | 1998 | US | Â | 8-16 | Â | 4063 | 1985 | 2071 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Anderson SE [103] | 2008 | US | Â | 4-12 | 8 | 2964 | 1509 | 1455 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Armstrong CA [213] | 1998 | US | Â | Â | 9.28 | 588 | 304 | 284 | hour | day | TV | FIT |
Asante PA [183] | 2009 | US | Â | 3-13 | 8.5 | 324 | 182 | 142 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Aucote HM [163] | 2009 | Australia | 5-6 | Â | 11.09 | 393 | 198 | 195 | hour | week | TV, GAMES | BC |
Barlow SE [151] | 2007 | US | Â | 6-17 | 12.1 | 52845 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Basaldua N [109] | 2008 | Mexico | Â | 6-12 | 8.9 | 551 | 278 | 273 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Bellisle F [123] | 2007 | France | Â | 9-11 | Â | 1000 | 500 | 500 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Berkey CS [90] | 2000 | US | Â | Â | Sep-14 | 10769 | 4620 | 6149 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Beyerlein A [105] | 2008 | Germany | Â | 4.5-7.3 | Â | 4967 | 2585 | 2382 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Boone JE [164] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | 15.9 | 9155 | 4879 | 4276 | hour | week | SCREEN | BC |
Boone-Heinonen J [104] | 2008 | US | Â | 11-21 | Â | 9251 | Â | Â | hour | Â | SB | BC |
Boutelle KN [130] | 2007 | US | Â | 16-18 | Â | 1726 | 890 | 836 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Brodersen NH [235] | 2005 | England | Â | Â | 11.8 | 4320 | 2578 | 1742 | hour | week | SB | SE, PRO |
Bukara-Radujkovic G [96] | 2009 | Bosnia | Â | 11-12 | 11.5 | 1204 | 578 | 626 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC |
Butte NF [119] | 2007 | US | Â | 6-17 | 10.8 | 897 | 441 | 456 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Caldas S [245] | 1999 | US | Â | 4-19 | Â | 34542 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | AA |
Carvalhal MM [131] | 2007 | Portugal | 10-11 | Â | Â | 3365 | 1755 | 1610 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC |
Chaput J [154] | 2006 | Canada | Â | 5-10 | 6.6 | 422 | 211 | 211 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Chen MY [78] | 2007 | Taiwan | Â | 13-18 | 15.03 | 660 | 351 | 309 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC, SE, PRO |
Chowhan J [232] | 2007 | Canada | Â | 12-15 | Â | 2666 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | PRO |
Christoforidis A [95] | 2009 | Greece | Â | 4-18 | 11.41 | 1549 | 735 | 814 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC, FIT |
Collins AE [149] | 2008 | Indonesia | 12-15 | Â | 1758 | 815 | 916 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC | |
Colwell J [200] | 2003 | Japan | Â | 12-13 | Â | 305 | 159 | 146 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC, PRO |
Cooper H [247] | 1999 | US | 7-11 | Â | Â | 424 | 225 | 199 | hour | day | TV | AA |
Crespo CJ [177] | 2001 | US | Â | 8-16 | Â | 4069 | 1994 | 2075 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Da CR [157] | 2003 | Brazil | Â | 7-10 | Â | 446 | 107 | 107 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Dasgupta K [215] | 2007 | Canada | Â | 13-17 | Â | 1267 | Â | Â | hour | week | SCREEN | MS |
Delva J [125] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | Â | 11265 | 5274 | 5991 | hour | week | TV | BC |
Dietz WH [181] | 1985 | US | Â | 12-17 | Â | 6671 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | AA |
Dietz WH [181] | 1985 | US | Â | 6-11 | Â | 6965 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC, AA |
Dollman J [211] | 2006 | Australia | 6 | 10-11 | Â | 843 | 439 | 404 | min | Day | TV | FIT |
Dumais SA [255] | 2009 | US | Â | 10-12 | Â | 15850 | Â | Â | hour | Â | TV | AA |
Dominick JR [225] | 1984 | US | 10, 11 | 14-18 | Â | 250 | 110 | 140 | hour | Day | TV, GAME | SE, PRO |
Eisenmann JC [175] | 2002 | US | Â | 14-18 | Â | 15143 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Eisenmann JC [113] | 2008 | US' | Â | Â | 16.2 | 12464 | 6080 | 6384 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Ekelund U [134] | 2006 | Europe | Â | 9-16 | Â | 1921 | 911 | 1010 | hour | day | TV | BC, MS |
Fetler M [249] | 1984 | US | 6 | Â | Â | 10603 | Â | Â | hour | day | SCREEN | AA |
Forshee RA [201] | 2004 | US | Â | 12-16 | 14 | 2216 | 1075 | 1141 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Forshee RA [188] | 2009 | US | Â | 5-18 | Â | 1459 | 734 | 725 | hour | week | SCREEN | BC |
Gaddy GD [257] | 1986 | US | Â | Â | Â | 5074 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | AA |
Giammattei J [140] | 2003 | US | Â | 11-14 | 12.6 | 385 | 186 | 199 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Gibson S [156] | 2004 | England | Â | 7-18 | Â | 1294 | 655 | 639 | min | day | TV | BC |
Gomez LF [150] | 2007 | Colombia | Â | 5-12 | Â | 11137 | 5539 | 5598 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
Gordon-Larsen P [176] | 2002 | US | Â | 11-19 | 15.9 | 12759 | 6290 | 6496 | hour | week | TV, GAMES | BC |
Gortmaker SL [143] | 1996 | US | Â | 10-15 | 11.5 | 746 | 388 | 358 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Gortmaker SL [57] | 1999 | US | Â | 6-11 | Â | 1745 | Â | Â | min | week | TV | SE, AA |
Gortmaker SL [57] | 1999 | US | Â | 12-17 | Â | 1745 | Â | Â | min | week | TV | SE, AA |
Graf C [167] | 2004 | Germany | Â | Â | 6.8 | 344 | 177 | 167 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC |
Grusser SM [40] | 2005 | Germany | 6 | Â | 11.83 | 323 | 175 | 148 | hour | day | TV | AA |
Hardy LL [133] | 2006 | Australia | Â | 11-15 | Â | 2750 | 1446 | 1304 | hour | day | SCREEN | FIT |
Hernandez B [178] | 1999 | Mexico | Â | 9-16 | Â | 461 | 244 | 217 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Hirschler V [144] | 2009 | Argentina | 7-11 | 8.9 | 330 | 168 | 162 | hour | day | TV | BC | |
Holder MD [222] | 2009 | Canada | Â | 8-12 | Â | 375 | 252 | 262 | hour | day | SCREEN | SE |
Hume C [190] | 2009 | Netherlands | Â | 13 | 580 | 277 | 303 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC | |
Islam-Zwart K [195] | 2008 | US | Â | Â | Â | 480 | 198 | 282 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Jackson LA [223] | 2009 | US | Â | Â | 12.18 | 515 | 259 | 256 | hour | day | GAMES, COMP | AA |
Janssen I [166] | 2004 | Canada | Â | 11-16 | Â | 5890 | 2812 | 3078 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC |
Janz K [174] | 2002 | US | Â | 4-6 | 5.3 | 462 | 216 | 246 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Jaruratanasirikul S [241] | 2009 | Thailand | 7-12 | Â | 15.9 | 1492 | 562 | 929 | hour | Â | GAMES | AA |
Johnson CC [41] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | 12 | 1397 | 0 | 1397 | hour | day | SB | SE |
Katzmarzyk PT [197] | 1998 | Canada | Â | 9-18 | Â | 784 | 423 | 361 | min | day | TV | BC, FIT |
Katzmarzyk PT [184] | 1998 | Canada | Â | Â | Â | 640 | 356 | 284 | hour | day | TV | BC, FIT |
Kautiainen S [135] | 2005 | Finland | Â | 14-18 | Â | 6515 | 2916 | 3599 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Keith TZ [256] | 1986 | US | high school seniors | Â | 28051 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | AA | |
Klein-Platat C [165] | 2005 | France | Â | Â | 12 | 2714 | 1357 | 1357 | hour | week | SB | BC |
Kosti RI [196] | 2007 | Greece | Â | 12-17 | Â | 2008 | 1021 | 987 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Kristjansson AL [243] | 2009 | Iceland | Â | 14-15 | Â | 5810 | 2807 | 3004 | hour | day | TV | AA |
Kuntsche E [230] | 2006 | International | 11-15 | Â | 31177 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | PRO | |
Kuriyan R [117] | 2007 | India | Â | 6-16 | Â | 598 | 324 | 274 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Lagiou A [160] | 2008 | Greece | Â | 10-12 | Â | 633 | 316 | 317 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
Lajous M [92] | 2009 | Mexico | Â | 11-18 | 13.9 | 9132 | 3519 | 5613 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Lajunen HR [128] | 2007 | Finland | Â | Â | 17.6 | 4098 | 1981 | 2117 | hour | week | COMP | BC |
Lasserre AM [116] | 2007 | Switzerland | 10.1-14.9 | 12.3 | 5207 | 2621 | 2586 | hour | day | TV | BC | |
Laurson KR [107] | 2008 | US | Â | 7-12 | Â | 709 | 318 | 391 | hour | week | SCREEN | BC |
Lazarou C [217] | 2009 | Cyprus | Â | Â | 11.7 | 622 | 306 | 316 | hour | day | TV | MS |
Leatherdale ST [11] | 2008 | Canada | Â | 14-19 | Â | 25416 | 12806 | 12610 | hour | day | TV | BC, PRO |
Lioret S [127] | 2007 | France | Â | 3-14 | Â | 1016 | 528 | 488 | hour | day | SB, TV, COMP | BC |
Lobelo F [208] | 2009 | US | Â | 14-18 | Â | 5210 | 0 | 5210 | hour | day | SCREEN | FIT |
Lowry R [173] | 2002 | US | Â | Â | Â | 15349 | 7445 | 7828 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Lutfiyya MN [118] | 2007 | US | Â | 5-17 | Â | 7972 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Maffeis C [114] | 2008 | Italy | Â | 8-10 | 9.3 | 1837 | 924 | 913 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Mark AE [220] | 2008 | US | Â | 12-19 | 15.9 | 1803 | 1005 | 798 | hour | day | TV | BC, MS |
McMurray RG [187] | 2000 | US | Â | 10-16 | 12.7 | 2389 | 1149 | 1240 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Mihas C [193] | 2009 | Greece | Â | 12-17 | 14.4 | 2008 | 1021 | 987 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Mikolajczyk RT [194] | 2008 | Germany | Â | 11-17 | 13.5 | 4878 | 2433 | 2445 | hour | low/high | SB | BC |
Moraes SA [135] | 2006 | Mexico | Â | 6-14 | 8.0/11.3 | 662 | 343 | 339 | hour | week | Â | Â |
Morgenstern M [94] | 2009 | Germany/US | 10-17 | 12.8 | 4810 | 2294 | 2516 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC | |
Morgenstern M [94] | 2009 | Germany/US | 12-16 | 14 | 4473 | 2239 | 2234 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC | |
Mota J [199] | 2006 | Portugal | Â | 14.6 | 450 | 220 | 230 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC | |
Muller MJ [179] | 1999 | Germany | Â | 5-7 | Â | 1468 | 739 | 729 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Nagel G [193] | 2009 | Germany | Â | 6-9 | 7.57 | 1079 | Â | 498 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
nastassea-Vlachou K [240] | 1996 | Greece | Â | 6-13 | Â | 4690 | 2279 | 2411 | hour | day | TV | AA |
Nawal LM [148] | 1998 | US | Â | 5-18 | Â | 62976 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC |
Nelson MC [233] | 2006 | US | Â | 7-12 | Â | 11957 | 5979 | 5978 | hour | day | SCREEN | PRO |
Neumark-Sztainer D [224] | 2004 | US | Â | 11-18 | 14.9 | 4746 | 2382 | 2364 | hour | week | TV | SE, PRO |
Nogueira JA [45] | 2009 | Brazil | Â | 8.3-16.8 | 13 | 326 | 204 | 122 | hour | day | SB | BC |
Obarzanek E [180] | 1994 | US | Â | 9-10 | 10.1 | 2379 | 0 | 2379 | hour | week | TV | BC |
Ohannessian CM [226] | 2009 | US | Â | 14-16 | 14.99 | 328 | 138 | 190 | hour | day | SCREEN | SE, PRO, AA |
Ortega FB [122] | 2007 | Spain | Â | 13-18.5 | 15.4 | 2859 | 1357 | 1502 | hour | day | SB | BC |
Overby NC [219] | 2009 | Norway | Â | 6-19 | Â | 723 | 375 | 348 | min | day | TV | Â |
Ozmert E [42] | 2002 | Turkey | Â | Â | Â | 689 | 343 | 346 | hour | day | TV | PRO, AA |
Padez C [99] | 2009 | Portugal | Â | 7-9 | Â | 3390 | 1696 | 1694 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Page RM [234] | 2001 | Philippine | Â | 15.1 | 3307 | 1267 | 1819 | hour | week | TV | PRO | |
Pate RR [210] | 2006 | US | Â | 12-19 | 15.4 | 3287 | 1686 | 1601 | hour | day | TV | FIT |
Patrick K [169] | 2004 | US | Â | 11-15 | 12.7 | 878 | 407 | 471 | min | day | TV | BC |
Pratt C [101] | 2008 | US | Â | Â | 12 | 1458 | 223 | 1235 | hour | day | SB | BC |
Purath J [185] | 1995 | US | 3-5 | Â | Â | 365 | 189 | 176 | hour | day | TV | BC, MS |
Ramos E [126] | 2007 | Portugal | 13 | Â | 2161 | 1045 | 1116 | min | week | SB, TV, COMP | BC | |
Rapp K [138] | 2005 | Germany | Â | Â | 6.2 | 2140 | 1015 | 1125 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Ridley-Johnson R [252] | 1983 | US | 5-8 | Â | Â | 290 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | AA |
Roberts DF [250] | 1984 | US | Â | Â | Â | 539 | Â | Â | hour | week | TV | AA |
Robinson TN [58] | 1999 | US | Â | Â | 12.4 | 971 | 0 | 971 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Ruangdaraganon N [141] | 2002 | Thailand | Â | 6-12 | 9.4 | 4197 | 2126 | 2035 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Russ SA [147] | 2009 | US | Â | 6-17 | Â | 54863 | 28153 | 26710 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC, SE |
Sakamoto A [236] | 1994 | Japan | 4-6 | Â | Â | 307 | 165 | 142 | times | week | GAMES | PRO |
Sakamoto A [236] | 1994 | Japan | 4-6 | Â | Â | 537 | 287 | 250 | hour | week | COMP, GAMES | PRO |
Sakamoto A [236] | 1994 | Japan | 4-5 | Â | Â | 118 | 118 | 0 | hour | week | COMP, GAMES | PRO |
Salmon J [136] | 2006 | Australia | Â | 5-12 | Â | 1560 | 743 | 817 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Sardinha LB [48] | 2008 | Portugal | 9-10 | 9.8 | 308 | 161 | 147 | hour | day | SB | MS | |
Scott LF [254] | 1958 | US | 6-7 | Â | Â | 407 | Â | Â | hour | Â | TV | AA |
Sharif I [244] | 2006 | US | Â | 10-14 | Â | 6522 | 3169 | 3353 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | PRO, AA |
Sharif I [260] | 2010 | US | Â | 9-15 | 12 | 4508 | 2209 | 2299 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | AA |
Shejwal B [246] | 2006 | India | Â | Â | 16.05 | 654 | 368 | 286 | hour | day | TV | AA |
Shields M [162] | 2006 | US/Can | Â | 2-17 | Â | 8661 | Â | Â | hour | day | SB, TV | BC |
Shin N [239] | 2004 | US | Â | 6-13 | 9 | 1203 | 605 | 598 | min | day | TV | AA |
Singh GK [106] | 2003 | US | Â | 10-17 | Â | 46707 | 24072 | 22635 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Singh GK [106] | 2003 | US | Â | 10-17 | Â | 46707 | 24072 | 22635 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Skoric MM [258] | 2009 | Singapore | 8-12 | 10 | 333 | 180 | 153 | hour | Â | TV, GAMES | AA | |
Smith BJ [161] | 2007 | Fiji | Â | 11-16 | Â | 443 | 200 | 245 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Spinks AB [124] | 2007 | Australia | Â | 5-12 | Â | 518 | 282 | 236 | min | week | SB, SCREEN | BC |
Steffen LM [98] | 2009 | US | Â | 8-11 | Â | 526 | 256 | 270 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Stettler N [168] | 2004 | Switzerland | Â | 8 | 872 | 410 | 462 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC | |
Sugiyama T [47] | 2007 | US | Â | 12-19 | 15.9 | 4508 | 2295 | 2213 | hour | day | SB | MS |
Sun Y [91] | 2009 | Japan | Â | 12-13 | . | 5753 | 2842 | 2911 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Taylor WC [158] | 2002 | US | Â | 6-15 | 11.1 | 509 | 231 | 278 | kcal | day | SB | BC |
te Velde SJ [129] | 2007 | International | 9-14 | 11.4 | 12538 | 6256 | 6282 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC | |
Thompson AM [189] | 2009 | Canada | 3, 7, 11 | Â | Â | 1777 | 795 | 982 | min | day | TV | BC |
Toschke AM [112] | 2008 | Germany | Â | 5-6 | Â | 4884 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Toschke AM [121] | 2007 | Germany | Â | 5-6 | Â | 5472 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Trang NHHD [146] | 2009 | Australia | Â | 11-16 | Â | 2660 | 1332 | 1328 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Tremblay MS [172] | 2003 | Canada | Â | 7-11 | Â | 7261 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | BC |
Treuth MS [27] | 2009 | US | Â | 11-12 | 11.9 | 1579 | 0 | 1579 | hour | day | SB | BC |
Tsai H [153] | 2007 | Taiwan | Â | 11-12 | Â | 2218 | 1146 | 1072 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Tsai H [145] | 2009 | Taiwan | Â | 11-12 | Â | 1329 | 615 | 672 | hour | day | SB, TV | BC |
Tucker LA [212] | 1987 | US | Â | Â | 15.7 | 406 | 406 | 0 | hour | day | TV | FIT, SE, PRO |
Tucker LA [206] | 1986 | US | Â | Â | 15.7 | 379 | 379 | 0 | hour | day | TV | FIT |
Tucker LA [214] | 1996 | US | Â | 9-10 | 9.8 | 262 | 162 | 100 | hour | day | TV | FIT |
Ussher MH [231] | 1007 | England | Â | 13-16 | Â | 2623 | Â | Â | hour | day | TV | PRO, AA |
Utter J [171] | 2003 | US | Â | Â | 14.9 | 4480 | 2240 | 2240 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Utter J [152] | 2007 | New Zealand | 5-14 | Â | 1743 | 959 | 784 | hour | day | TV, COMP | BC | |
Vader AM [97] | 2009 | US | Â | Â | 11, 7 | 11594 | 6162 | 5432 | hour | day | TV | BC |
van Schie EG [261] | 1997 | Netherlands | 10-14 | 11.5 | 346 | 171 | 175 | hour | day | SCREEN | PRO, AA | |
van Zutphen M [159] | 2007 | Australia | Â | 4-12 | 8 | 1926 | 939 | 987 | min | day | TV | BC |
Vandewater EA [170] | 2004 | US | Â | 1-12 | 6 | 2831 | 1444 | 1387 | hour | day | SB, SCREEN | BC |
Vaughan C [198] | 2007 | Australia | Â | 11-18 | 14 | 443 | 189 | 254 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Vicente-Rodriguez G [110] | 2008 | Spain | Â | 13-18.5 | Â | 1960 | 1012 | 948 | hour | day | TV, GAMES | BC |
Violante R [137] | 2005 | Mexico | Â | 6-14 | Â | 8624 | 258 | 4366 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Wake M [186] | 2003 | Australia | Â | 5-13 | 9.1 | 2862 | 1445 | 1417 | hour | week | SCREEN | BC |
Walberg HJ [251] | 1984 | US | 2-6 | Â | 13 | 2890 | 1445 | 1445 | hour | day | TV | AA |
Walberg HJ [253] | 1982 | US | Â | Â | 17 | 2001 | 1031 | 970 | hour | day | TV | AA |
Waller CE [202] | 2003 | China | Â | 6-11 | 9 | 880 | Â | Â | hour | week | TV | BC |
Wang Y [120] | 2007 | US | Â | Â | 11.9 | 498 | 218 | 280 | hour | day | SCREEN | BC |
Welch WW [248] | 1986 | Australia | 3-4 | 9 | 9 | 1960 | Â | Â | Â | Â | TV | AA |
Wells JC [108] | 2008 | Brazil | Â | 10-12 | Â | 4452 | 2193 | 2258 | hour | day | TV | BC, MS |
Whitt-Glover MC [24] | 2009 | US | Â | 6-19 | Â | 749 | 351 | 398 | min | day | SB | BC |
Wiggins J [227] | 1987 | US | 4-12 | Â | Â | 483 | 252 | 231 | min | day | TV | SE, AA |
Wolf AM [203] | 1998 | US | Â | 11-14 | Â | 552 | 0 | 552 | hour | day | TV | BC |
Wong SL [100] | 2009 | Canada | Â | Â | 15.5 | 25060 | 12806 | 12254 | hour | day | SB, SCREEN | BC |
Zabinski MF [132] | 2007 | US | Â | 11-15 | Â | 878 | 425 | 453 | hour | day | SB | BC |