From: The active commuting route environment scale (ACRES): development and evaluation
 | Expert panel (n = 22-24) | Commuting participants (n = 43-44) | Difference commuters - experts | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Item | Mean ± SD | Test mean ± SD | Retest mean ± SD | t-test p-value | Test-retest mean ± SD* | Mean ± SEd** | t-test p-value |
1. On the whole | -0.92 ± 3.55 | -1.65 ± 2.86 | -1.77 ± 2.74 | 0.771 | -1.71 ± 2.48 | -0.79 ± 0.82 | 0.339 |
2. Hinders or stimulates | -1.17 ± 3.02 | -1.25 ± 2.76 | -1.09 ± 2.36 | 0.671 | -1.17 ± 2.25 | 0.00 ± 0.65 | 0.995 |
3. Exhaust fumes | 2.54 ± 2.67 | 2.07 ± 3.02 | 2.45 ± 3.58 | 0.396 | 2.26 ± 2.96 | -0.28 ± 0.73 | 0.701 |
4. Noise | 2.04 ± 2.44 | 1.48 ± 3.39 | 1.39 ± 3.43 | 0.815 | 1.43 ± 3.16 | -0.61 ± 0.77 | 0.428 |
5. Flow of motor vehicles | 2.78 ± 2.81 | 2.30 ± 3.43 | 2.50 ± 3.95 | 0.623 | 2.40 ± 3.43 | -0.38 ± 0.83 | 0.646 |
6. Speeds of motor vehicles | -1.52 ± 2.39 | -0.45 ± 1.78 | 0.02 ± 3.34 | 0.371 | -0.22 ± 2.03 | 1.31 ± 0.56 | 0.022 |
7. Speeds of bicyclists | -1.25 ± 3.07 | -0.40 ± 2.00 | -0.07 ± 2.13 | 0.212 | -0.23 ± 1.89 | 1.02 ± 0.60 | 0.097 |
8. Congestion: all types of vehicles | 4.00 ± 3.19 | 4.04 ± 3.63 | 3.89 ± 3.64 | 0.731 | 3.97 ± 3.30 | -0.03 ± 0.82 | 0.967 |
9. Congestion: bicyclists | 5.25 ± 3.07 | 4.30 ± 3.91 | 3.27 ± 3.64 | 0.017 | 3.78 ± 3.52 | -1.47 ± 0.86 | 0.091 |
10. Conflicts | 3.54 ± 2.47 | 4.21 ± 3.98 | 2.63 ± 2.95 | 0.006 | 3.42 ± 3.00 | -0.12 ± 0.72 | 0.865 |
11. Bicycle paths†| -0.38 ± 2.02 | -0.86 ± 2.89 | -0.58 ± 3.32 | 0.493 | -0.72 ± 2.82 | -0.35 ± 0.65 | 0.598 |
12. Traffic: unsafe or safe | -3.04 ± 2.38 | -3.18 ± 3.46 | -2.59 ± 3.10 | 0.223 | -2.89 ± 2.88 | 0.16 ± 0.70 | 0.823 |
13. Greenery | -4.25 ± 3.18 | -3.39 ± 4.00 | -2.61 ± 3.69 | 0.103 | -3.00 ± 3.52 | 1.25 ± 0.86 | 0.153 |
14. Ugly or beautiful | 2.79 ± 3.80 | 1.04 ± 3.78 | 0.95 ± 3.29 | 0.808 | 1.00 ± 3.32 | -1.79 ± 0.89 | 0.047 |
15. Course of the route | 0.67 ± 3.89 | 2.43 ± 3.77 | 1.75 ± 3.42 | 0.112 | 2.09 ± 3.32 | 1.42 ± 0.90 | 0.116 |
16. Hilliness | -1.71 ± 2.69 | -1.61 ± 4.07 | -1.14 ± 2.98 | 0.329 | -1.38 ± 3.18 | 0.33 ± 0.77 | 0.665 |
17. Red lights | 2.50 ± 3.28 | 4.00 ± 4.03 | 2.98 ± 3.53 | 0.041 | 3.49 ± 3.44 | 0.99 ± 0.86 | 0.256 |
18. Short or long‡ | - | -0.14 ± 3.17 | 0.20 ± 2.59 | 0.387 | - | - | - |