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Table 1 Regional characteristics and correlations with the prevalence of cycling and walking to work

From: Cycling and walking to work in New Zealand, 1991-2006: regional and individual differences, and pointers to effective interventions

Region

Population density (per km2)1

2006

Average distance of home-work trips (km)2 (95% CI)

2003-2008

Average sunshine (hours)3

1971-2000

Average rainfall (mm)3

1971-2000

Average air temperature (°C)3

1971-2000

Northland

10.8

12.2 (7.0-17.4)

153

144

18.6

Auckland

215.3

10.9 (9.9-12.0)

180

82

18.7

Waikato

15.9

14.8 (11.1-18.5)

184

87

17.1

Bay of Plenty

21.0

9.5 (6.8-12.1)

197

132

18.3

Gisborne

5.3

8.3 (5.2-11.5)

185

99

17.4

Hawke's Bay

10.5

9.2 (6.4-12.1)

194

85

17.7

Taranaki

14.3

9.3 (5.1-13.6)

202

108

16.9

Manawatu-Wanganui

10.0

9.5 (7.4-11.6)

170

74

16.6

Wellington

55.2

12.4 (10.2-14.6)

191

92

16.6

Tasman

4.6

8.7 (6.4-11.1)*

212

75

16.3

Nelson

96.8

8.7 (6.4-11.1)*

212

77

16.1

Marlborough

3.9

8.7 (6.4-11.1)*

224

54

16.3

West Coast

1.3

6.7 (5.5-7.9)

161

171

15.7

Canterbury

11.7

10.1 (7.6-12.6)

183

56

15.1

Otago

6.2

9.3 (6.1-12.6)

139

70

13.7

Southland

2.8

9.9 (6.6-13.3)

136

94

12.5

Spearman Correlation Coefficient (p-value)

     

   % cycling to work (2006)

-0.25 (0.4)

-0.64 (0.007)

0.58 (0.02)

-0.46 (0.07)

-0.36 (0.2)

   % walking to work (2006)

-0.29 (0.3)

-0.27 (0.3)

-0.03 (0.9)

-0.15 (0.6)

-0.62 (0.01)

  1. 1 -- Source: Indicator 2: Living density. Statistics New Zealand
  2. 2 -- Source: Household Travel Survey data. Ministry of Transport
  3. 3 -- Historical averages for the main cities/centres in March. Source: NIWA National Climate Database. National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research
  4. * - Average distance for three regions