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Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics, attitude and walking behavior by high walkable (HW), medium walkable (MW), and low walkable (LW) neighborhood types

From: The associations between objectively-determined and self-reported urban form characteristics and neighborhood-based walking in adults

 

Total Sample

HW

MW

LW

(n = 1875)

(n = 134)

(n = 676)

(n = 1065)

Socio-demographic characteristics

    

Gender (% women)

62.2

56.7

60.9

63.7

Age in years (%)

    

  18 to 39a

25.9

28.4

20.6

28.9

  40 to 59

52.8

50.0

44.1

44.7

  ≥60a,b

29.3

21.6

35.4

26.4

Highest education completed (%)

    

  Less than high schoola

4.9

3.7

7.4

3.4

  High school

24.9

25.4

25.4

24.5

  College/technical school

25.5

20.9

25.1

26.3

  University - Undergraduatea,b

29.8

36.6

25.3

31.7

  University - Postgraduate

15.0

13.4

16.7

14.1

Home owner (%)a,b,c

86.3

57.5

83.4

91.8

Dependents (% ≥1 dependents)a,b,c

34.1

18.7

28.8

39.4

Years lived in neighborhood (mean ± SD)a,b

12.87 ± 12.02

9.20 ± 9.18

17.08 ± 14.22

10.67 ± 9.91

Attitude towards walking (1.0-5.0 scale; mean ± SD)

4.33 ± 0.55

4.36 ± 0.58

4.30 ± 0.54

4.35 ± 0.54

Neighborhood-based walking

    

No walking for transportation (% 0 times in last 7 days)a,b,c

59.8

33.6

55.6

65.7

Minutes of walking for transportation (mean ± SD)b,c

106.6 ± 117.4

177.8 ± 166.2

102.5 ± 104.5

92.6 ± 106.8

No walking for recreation (% 0 times in last 7 days)

43.2

56.3

43.8

42.4

Minutes of walking for recreation (mean ± SD)

166.7 ± 159.7

175.3 ± 206.4

164.0 ± 158.5

167.3 ± 154.4

  1. a = LW significantly differs from MW (p < .05) based on One Way ANOVA (continuous variables) or Pearson’s chi-square (categorical variables) with Bonferroni–adjusted pairwise comparison.
  2. b = MW significantly differs from HW (p < .05) based on One Way ANOVA (continuous variables) or Pearson’s chi-square (categorical variables) with Bonferroni–adjusted pairwise comparison.
  3. c = LW significantly differs from HW (p < .05) based on One Way ANOVA (continuous variables) or Pearson’s chi-square (categorical variables) with Bonferroni–adjusted pairwise comparison.