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Table 4 Awareness, knowledge, belief, and intention in control and intervention communities at 1-year follow-up: COMMUNICATE Study

From: A community-wide campaign to promote physical activity in middle-aged and elderly people: a cluster randomized controlled trial

 

Control (n = 1078)

Intervention (n = 3336)

Intracluster correlation coefficienta

Adjusted odds ratiob

No (%)

No (%)

(95% CI)

Awareness of campaign:

    

  Any

471 (58.7)

2044 (79.3)

0.048

2.70*** (2.02-3.58)

  Visual information

253 (31.4)

1502 (58.4)

0.071

3.21*** (2.07-4.95)

  Audio information

293 (37.6)

1336 (53.4)

0.035

2.08*** (1.36-3.18)

  Encouragement (education)

271 (34.6)

1327 (52.5)

0.062

2.30** (1.33-3.97)

  Peer support

229 (29.2)

956 (37.7)

0.024

1.50 (0.96-2.34)

  Advice from physicians

177 (22.7)

645 (25.5)

0.010

1.21c (0.87-1.67)

Knowledge about physical activity benefit

689 (84.7)

2264 (88.2)

0.0038

1.51c* (1.01-2.25)

Belief about physical activity benefit

489 (60.4)

1648 (64.1)

0.0033

0.84c (0.64-1.10)

Intention to engage in physical activity

599 (74.9)

2018 (79.5)

0.0046

1.31 (1.00-1.72)

  1. Note. CI = confidence interval. Sample sizes (denominators) of number counts vary due to missing values, although the adjusted odds ratios are calculated by the intention-to-treat analyses.
  2. aIntracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) of each outcome variable at follow-up was calculated by using per-protocol samples without imputation as follows: ICC = (BMS - WMS)/(BMS + [K - 1] WMS), where BMS is the between-cluster mean square, WMS is the within-cluster mean square, and K is the average number of respondents per cluster.
  3. bOdds ratio >1 means that more people in intervention group than control group answered yes to the question. Adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, self-rated health, years of education, employment status, engagement in farming, chronic low back and knee pain, chronic disease history, category of population density of each cluster, and engagement in regular physical activity at baseline, and clustering effects.
  4. cResult from per protocol analysis. The model did not converge in the intention-to-treat analysis.
  5. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.